This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication. It catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of two strands of duplex DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. Two forms of this enzyme exist as likely products of a gene duplication event. The gene encoding this form, alpha, is localized to chromosome 17 and the beta gene is localized to chromosome 3. The gene encoding this enzyme functions as the target for several anticancer agents and a variety of mutations in this gene have been associated with the development of drug resistance. Reduced activity of this enzyme may also play a role in ataxia-telangiectasia. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2010]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TOP2A. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TOP2A upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TOP2A, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr17:40,121,452–40,123,602 | 296.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 799 | |
| chr17:40,139,909–40,141,108 | 277.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1121 | |
| chr17:40,177,152–40,178,398 | 240.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 329 | |
| chr17:40,191,326–40,192,022 | 226.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 588 | |
| chr17:40,218,712–40,219,963 | 198.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 901 | |
| chr17:40,287,308–40,288,608 | 130.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 870 | |
| chr17:40,306,565–40,307,697 | 110.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 366 | |
| chr17:40,316,576–40,317,119 | 101.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 557 | |
| chr17:40,317,794–40,318,727 | 99.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 799 | |
| chr17:40,341,205–40,342,644 | 76.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 835 | |
| chr17:40,344,939–40,346,042 | 72.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 730 | |
| chr17:40,362,469–40,363,831 | 55.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 846 | |
| chr17:40,417,289–40,418,494 | 144 bp | At TSS Multiome | 793 | |
| chr17:40,422,953–40,423,555 | 5.3 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 242 | |
| chr17:40,442,866–40,444,146 | 25.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 774 | |
| chr17:40,483,550–40,484,556 | 66.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 84 | |
| chr17:40,499,140–40,499,767 | 81.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 358 | |
| chr17:40,615,478–40,615,916 | 197.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 297 | |
| chr17:40,637,853–40,638,362 | 220.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 83 | |
| chr17:41,688,103–41,690,064 | 1270.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1236 |
Genomic view of the TOP2A locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.