NRXN1
neurexin 1 | Hs.22998, KIAA0578

This gene encodes a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the neurexin family. Neurexins are cell-surface receptors that bind neuroligins to form Ca(2+)-dependent neurexin/neuroligin complexes at synapses in the central nervous system. This complex is required for efficient neurotransmission and is involved in the formation of synaptic contacts. Three members of this gene family have been studied in detail and are estimated to generate over 3,000 variants through the use of two alternative promoters (alpha and beta) and extensive alternative splicing in each family member. Recently, a third promoter (gamma) was identified for this gene in the 3' region. Mutations in this gene are associated with Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome-2 and may contribute to susceptibility to schizophrenia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

Member of: DE-9 DE-9.2 Developmental clusters: GC7
Biological processes 108 terms
AMPA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway (GO:0098990)GABA-ergic synapse (GO:0098982)NMDA glutamate receptor clustering (GO:0097114)NMDA selective glutamate receptor signaling pathway (GO:0098989)acetylcholine receptor binding (GO:0033130)adult behavior (GO:0030534)adult behavior (GO:0030534)adult behavior (GO:0030534)angiogenesis (GO:0001525)axon guidance (GO:0007411)axonal growth cone (GO:0044295)calcium channel regulator activity (GO:0005246)calcium ion binding (GO:0005509)calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion (GO:0016339)calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion (GO:0016339)calcium-dependent protein binding (GO:0048306)cell adhesion molecule binding (GO:0050839)cell surface (GO:0009986)cell surface (GO:0009986)cellular response to calcium ion (GO:0071277)cerebellar granule cell differentiation (GO:0021707)chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0007268)endocytic vesicle (GO:0030139)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)establishment of protein localization (GO:0045184)gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor clustering (GO:0097112)gephyrin clustering involved in postsynaptic density assembly (GO:0097116)gephyrin clustering involved in postsynaptic density assembly (GO:0097116)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)guanylate kinase-associated protein clustering (GO:0097117)heterophilic cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007157)learning (GO:0007612)learning (GO:0007612)negative regulation of filopodium assembly (GO:0051490)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)nervous system development (GO:0007399)neuroligin clustering involved in postsynaptic membrane assembly (GO:0097118)neuroligin family protein binding (GO:0097109)neuroligin family protein binding (GO:0097109)neuroligin family protein binding (GO:0097109)neuromuscular junction (GO:0031594)neuromuscular process controlling balance (GO:0050885)neuromuscular process controlling balance (GO:0050885)neuron cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007158)neuron cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007158)neuron cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007158)neuron cell-cell adhesion (GO:0007158)neuron projection development (GO:0031175)neuron projection morphogenesis (GO:0048812)neuronal cell body (GO:0043025)neuronal signal transduction (GO:0023041)neurotransmitter secretion (GO:0007269)nuclear membrane (GO:0031965)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070374)positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0106071)positive regulation of cAMP/PKA signal transduction (GO:0141163)positive regulation of excitatory postsynaptic potential (GO:2000463)positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0045743)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of neuromuscular synaptic transmission (GO:1900075)positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0051897)positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:1900738)positive regulation of presynaptic active zone assembly (GO:1905520)positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane (GO:1903078)positive regulation of synapse assembly (GO:0051965)positive regulation of synapse assembly (GO:0051965)positive regulation of synapse maturation (GO:0090129)positive regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic (GO:0032230)positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic (GO:0051968)positive regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic (GO:0051968)postsynaptic density protein 95 clustering (GO:0097119)postsynaptic membrane assembly (GO:0097104)presynapse (GO:0098793)presynaptic active zone membrane (GO:0048787)presynaptic membrane (GO:0042734)presynaptic membrane (GO:0042734)presynaptic membrane (GO:0042734)presynaptic membrane assembly (GO:0097105)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein localization to synapse (GO:0035418)protein-containing complex assembly involved in synapse maturation (GO:0090126)receptor localization to synapse (GO:0097120)signal transduction (GO:0007165)signal transduction (GO:0007165)signaling receptor activity (GO:0038023)signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102)signaling receptor regulator activity (GO:0030545)social behavior (GO:0035176)social behavior (GO:0035176)synapse (GO:0045202)synapse assembly (GO:0007416)synaptic vesicle clustering (GO:0097091)trans-synaptic protein complex (GO:0098820)trans-synaptic protein complex (GO:0098820)trans-synaptic protein complex (GO:0098820)trans-synaptic signaling by trans-synaptic complex, modulating synaptic transmission (GO:0099557)transmembrane signaling receptor activity (GO:0004888)transmembrane signaling receptor activity (GO:0004888)type 1 fibroblast growth factor receptor binding (GO:0005105)vesicle (GO:0031982)vocal learning (GO:0042297)vocal learning (GO:0042297)vocalization behavior (GO:0071625)vocalization behavior (GO:0071625)
Expression (TPM)
NRXN1 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating NRXN1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for NRXN1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = NRXN1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to NRXN1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of NRXN1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr2:50,863,295–50,864,538 168.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 188
chr2:51,025,839–51,026,627 5.5 kb Proximal (<10kb) 30
chr2:51,028,353–51,028,982 3.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 43
chr2:51,030,350–51,030,525 1.6 kb Proximal (<10kb) 48
chr2:51,031,546–51,033,214 173 bp At TSS Multiome 334
chr2:51,075,499–51,076,405 43.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 65

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the NRXN1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr2:50,853,295 – 51,086,405
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq