Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class I tRNA synthetase family. Cytokine activities have also been observed for the human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, after it is split into two parts, an N-terminal fragment that harbors the catalytic site and a C-terminal fragment found only in the mammalian enzyme. The N-terminal fragment is an interleukin-8-like cytokine, whereas the released C-terminal fragment is an EMAP II-like cytokine. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for YARS1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = YARS1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of YARS1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:32,520,498–32,520,989 | 296.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 384 | |
| chr1:32,539,285–32,540,081 | 277.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 434 | |
| chr1:32,540,505–32,541,033 | 276.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 172 | |
| chr1:32,611,983–32,612,668 | 205.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 560 | |
| chr1:32,643,807–32,644,727 | 173.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 70 | |
| chr1:32,650,248–32,651,874 | 166.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1164 | |
| chr1:32,712,054–32,712,688 | 105.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 645 | |
| chr1:32,715,926–32,717,303 | 100.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 551 | |
| chr1:32,736,558–32,737,765 | 80.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 507 | |
| chr1:32,753,606–32,755,507 | 63.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 565 | |
| chr1:32,758,502–32,759,280 | 58.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 144 | |
| chr1:32,765,137–32,765,925 | 51.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 122 | |
| chr1:32,772,938–32,773,451 | 44.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 441 | |
| chr1:32,811,261–32,811,574 | 5.8 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 13 | |
| chr1:32,816,876–32,818,654 | 171 bp | At TSS Multiome | 1138 | |
| chr1:32,870,570–32,871,148 | 53.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 182 | |
| chr1:32,886,388–32,887,030 | 69.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 917 | |
| chr1:32,892,705–32,893,946 | 75.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 444 | |
| chr1:32,901,143–32,901,775 | 84.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 393 | |
| chr1:32,963,782–32,965,243 | 147.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 882 | |
| chr1:32,972,824–32,973,439 | 155.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 489 | |
| chr1:33,036,391–33,037,199 | 219.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 948 | |
| chr1:33,080,764–33,081,783 | 263.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 556 |
Genomic view of the YARS1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.