Cilia and flagella are comprised of a microtubular backbone, the axoneme, which is organized by the basal body and surrounded by plasma membrane. SPAG16 encodes 2 major proteins that associate with the axoneme of sperm tail and the nucleus of postmeiotic germ cells, respectively (Zhang et al., 2007 [PubMed 17699735]).[supplied by OMIM, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for SPAG16. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = SPAG16 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of SPAG16, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr2:213,151,332–213,152,642 | 132.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 709 | |
| chr2:213,155,809–213,156,562 | 128.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 149 | |
| chr2:213,189,020–213,190,112 | 94.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 218 | |
| chr2:213,283,867–213,285,119 | 9 bp | At TSS Multiome | 863 | |
| chr2:213,288,855–213,289,216 | 4.5 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 70 | |
| chr2:214,593,496–214,594,272 | 1309.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 211 | |
| chr2:214,808,156–214,811,140 | 1525.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 969 | |
| chr2:215,089,705–215,091,041 | 1805.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 134 | |
| chr2:215,274,506–215,275,238 | 1990.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 197 |
Genomic view of the SPAG16 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.