REST
RE1 silencing transcription factor | NRSF, XBR, DFNA27

This gene was initially identified as a transcriptional repressor that represses neuronal genes in non-neuronal tissues. However, depending on the cellular context, this gene can act as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor. The encoded protein is a member of the Kruppel-type zinc finger transcription factor family. It represses transcription by binding a DNA sequence element called the neuron-restrictive silencer element. The protein is also found in undifferentiated neuronal progenitor cells and it is thought that this repressor may act as a master negative regulator of neurogenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. [provided by RefSeq, May 2018]

Member of: DE-2 DE-2.37 Developmental clusters: GC2
Biological processes 84 terms
DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000979)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)auditory receptor cell stereocilium organization (GO:0060088)cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation (GO:0060379)cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation (GO:0060379)cellular response to electrical stimulus (GO:0071257)cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus (GO:0071385)chromatin binding (GO:0003682)chromatin binding (GO:0003682)chromatin remodeling (GO:0006338)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound (GO:0050910)host-mediated suppression of viral transcription (GO:0043922)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)modification of synaptic structure (GO:0099563)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process (GO:0032348)negative regulation of amniotic stem cell differentiation (GO:2000798)negative regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis (GO:0045955)negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process (GO:2000065)negative regulation of dense core granule biogenesis (GO:2000706)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)negative regulation of insulin secretion (GO:0046676)negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (GO:2000740)negative regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902894)negative regulation of neurogenesis (GO:0050768)negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665)negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665)negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665)negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)nervous system process (GO:0050877)neuromuscular process controlling balance (GO:0050885)neuronal stem cell population maintenance (GO:0097150)neuronal stem cell population maintenance (GO:0097150)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045666)positive regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045666)positive regulation of programmed cell death (GO:0043068)positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance (GO:1902459)protein binding (GO:0005515)regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome (GO:0000381)regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome (GO:0000381)regulation of osteoblast differentiation (GO:0045667)regulation of osteoblast differentiation (GO:0045667)response to hypoxia (GO:0001666)response to ischemia (GO:0002931)response to stress (GO:0006950)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)somatic stem cell population maintenance (GO:0035019)somatic stem cell population maintenance (GO:0035019)transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976)transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976)transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976)transcription repressor complex (GO:0017053)transcription repressor complex (GO:0017053)transcription repressor complex (GO:0017053)
Expression (TPM)
REST — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating REST 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for REST. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = REST upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to REST

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of REST, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr4:56,655,262–56,656,591 252.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 237
chr4:56,787,104–56,787,870 120.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 101
chr4:56,821,230–56,822,148 86.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 302
chr4:56,844,583–56,845,457 62.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 178
chr4:56,906,574–56,909,582 29 bp At TSS Multiome 887
chr4:56,976,336–56,979,242 69.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 954
chr4:57,037,888–57,038,581 130.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 261
chr4:57,109,714–57,111,367 202.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 438
chr4:57,163,440–57,164,715 256.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 642
chr4:57,190,721–57,192,448 283.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 348

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the REST locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr4:56,645,262 – 57,202,448
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq