NODAL
nodal growth differentiation factor

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature protein, which regulates early embryonic development. This protein is required for maintenance of human embryonic stem cell pluripotency and may play a role in human placental development. Mutations in this gene are associated with heterotaxy, a condition characterized by random orientation of visceral organs with respect to the left-right axis. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

Member of: DE-4 DE-4.1 Developmental clusters: GC2
Biological processes 40 terms
apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097190)cell differentiation (GO:0030154)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)determination of left/right asymmetry in lateral mesoderm (GO:0003140)determination of left/right asymmetry in lateral mesoderm (GO:0003140)endodermal cell differentiation (GO:0035987)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)female pregnancy (GO:0007565)formation of primary germ layer (GO:0001704)growth factor activity (GO:0008083)mesendoderm development (GO:0048382)mesendoderm development (GO:0048382)morphogen activity (GO:0016015)negative regulation of androgen receptor signaling pathway (GO:0060766)negative regulation of chorionic trophoblast cell proliferation (GO:1901383)negative regulation of trophoblast cell migration (GO:1901164)nodal signaling pathway (GO:0038092)nodal signaling pathway (GO:0038092)nodal signaling pathway (GO:0038092)nodal signaling pathway (GO:0038092)nodal signaling pathway (GO:0038092)placenta development (GO:0001890)placenta development (GO:0001890)positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070374)positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction (GO:0060391)positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766)positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766)positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion (GO:0022409)positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (GO:0050679)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production (GO:0010575)protein binding (GO:0005515)receptor ligand activity (GO:0048018)regulation of stem cell population maintenance (GO:2000036)type I activin receptor binding (GO:0070698)type I activin receptor binding (GO:0070698)
Expression (TPM)
NODAL — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating NODAL 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for NODAL. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = NODAL upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to NODAL

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of NODAL, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr10:70,145,328–70,147,235 296.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1006
chr10:70,169,902–70,171,034 271.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 777
chr10:70,232,204–70,234,260 208.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 949
chr10:70,381,835–70,383,091 59.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 693
chr10:70,403,687–70,404,709 37.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 788
chr10:70,437,649–70,438,147 3.7 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 93
chr10:70,439,787–70,443,007 970 bp At TSS Multiome 501
chr10:70,445,771–70,446,449 4.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 87
chr10:70,450,965–70,451,354 9.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) 65
chr10:70,455,031–70,455,839 13.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 196
chr10:70,458,264–70,459,984 16.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 310
chr10:70,478,010–70,479,323 37.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 492
chr10:70,672,118–70,672,962 230.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 465

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the NODAL locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr10:70,135,328 – 70,682,962
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq