Eukaryotes contain two protein translational systems, one in the cytoplasm and one in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial translation is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial function and mutations in this system lead to a breakdown in the respiratory chain-oxidative phosphorylation system and to impaired maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. This gene encodes one of the mitochondrial translation elongation factors, which is a GTPase that plays a role at the termination of mitochondrial translation by mediating the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA . Its role in the regulation of normal mitochondrial function and in disease states attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction is not known. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for GFM2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = GFM2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of GFM2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr5:74,507,243–74,508,516 | 259.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 61 | |
| chr5:74,515,759–74,516,668 | 250.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 152 | |
| chr5:74,536,561–74,538,457 | 229.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 426 | |
| chr5:74,543,139–74,544,218 | 223.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 418 | |
| chr5:74,555,513–74,556,350 | 211.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 100 | |
| chr5:74,625,689–74,626,268 | 141.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 148 | |
| chr5:74,631,192–74,632,778 | 135.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 598 | |
| chr5:74,639,680–74,641,657 | 126.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 999 | |
| chr5:74,684,927–74,685,413 | 81.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 765 | |
| chr5:74,765,016–74,765,573 | 1.5 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 46 | |
| chr5:74,766,697–74,767,753 | 59 bp | At TSS Multiome | 976 | |
| chr5:74,865,358–74,867,179 | 99.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 747 | |
| chr5:74,882,799–74,883,395 | 115.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 109 | |
| chr5:74,903,262–74,903,711 | 136.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 301 | |
| chr5:75,052,462–75,054,650 | 286.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 602 |
Genomic view of the GFM2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.