BAX
BCL2 associated X, apoptosis regulator | BCL2L4

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the BCL2 protein family. BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein forms a heterodimer with BCL2, and functions as an apoptotic activator. The association and the ratio of BAX to BCL2 also determines survival or death of a cell following an apoptotic stimulus. This protein is reported to interact with, and increase the opening of, the mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), which leads to the loss in membrane potential and the release of cytochrome c. The expression of this gene is regulated by the tumor suppressor P53 and has been shown to be involved in P53-mediated apoptosis. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants, which encode different isoforms, have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]

Member of: DE-1 DE-1.26
Biological processes 91 terms
B cell apoptotic process (GO:0001783)B cell receptor apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:1990117)BAK complex (GO:0097145)BAX complex (GO:0097144)BAX complex (GO:0097144)BH3 domain binding (GO:0051434)BH3 domain binding (GO:0051434)Bcl-2 family protein complex (GO:0097136)Bcl-2 family protein complex (GO:0097136)Hsp70 protein binding (GO:0030544)apoptotic mitochondrial changes (GO:0008637)apoptotic process (GO:0006915)apoptotic process (GO:0006915)apoptotic process (GO:0006915)apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097190)cell periphery (GO:0071944)cellular response to stress (GO:0033554)cellular response to unfolded protein (GO:0034620)cellular response to virus (GO:0098586)channel activity (GO:0015267)channel activity (GO:0015267)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion homeostasis (GO:0032469)endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789)establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient (GO:0010248)execution phase of apoptosis (GO:0097194)extracellular exosome (GO:0070062)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097191)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand (GO:0097192)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors (GO:0008625)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097193)intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage (GO:0008630)intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage (GO:0008630)intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (GO:0070059)lipid binding (GO:0008289)membrane (GO:0016020)mitochondrial fragmentation involved in apoptotic process (GO:0043653)mitochondrial fusion (GO:0008053)mitochondrial fusion (GO:0008053)mitochondrial membrane (GO:0031966)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex (GO:0005757)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (GO:0010917)negative regulation of protein binding (GO:0032091)nuclear envelope (GO:0005635)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)pore complex (GO:0046930)positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (GO:1903896)positive regulation of apoptotic DNA fragmentation (GO:1902512)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:2001244)positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process (GO:0043525)positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process (GO:0043525)positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0031334)positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (GO:0090200)positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (GO:0090200)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein heterodimerization activity (GO:0046982)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)protein-folding chaperone binding (GO:0051087)regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981)regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981)regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:2001233)regulation of intracellular signal transduction (GO:1902531)regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential (GO:0051881)regulation of neuron apoptotic process (GO:0043523)release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (GO:0001836)release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (GO:0001836)release of cytochrome c from mitochondria (GO:0001836)release of matrix enzymes from mitochondria (GO:0032976)response to toxic substance (GO:0009636)supramolecular fiber organization (GO:0097435)
Expression (TPM)
BAX — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating BAX 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for BAX. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = BAX upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to BAX

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of BAX, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr19:48,675,421–48,675,873 279.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 415
chr19:48,695,830–48,697,033 258.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 253
chr19:48,713,646–48,714,846 240.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 719
chr19:48,716,551–48,717,038 238.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 241
chr19:48,720,420–48,721,301 234.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 689
chr19:48,735,001–48,735,602 219.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 161
chr19:48,738,441–48,739,812 216.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 743
chr19:48,741,194–48,741,939 213.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 350
chr19:48,746,830–48,747,395 207.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 402
chr19:48,752,314–48,753,547 201.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 545
chr19:48,795,165–48,795,736 159.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 724
chr19:48,806,734–48,807,478 147.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 452
chr19:48,810,774–48,811,494 143.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 662
chr19:48,812,048–48,813,099 142.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 603
chr19:48,829,998–48,830,690 124.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 55
chr19:48,835,571–48,838,073 119.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 621
chr19:48,872,000–48,873,835 82.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 987
chr19:48,895,958–48,896,628 58.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 207
chr19:48,899,782–48,900,620 54.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 710
chr19:48,933,397–48,933,948 21.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 458
chr19:48,954,440–48,955,356 26 bp At TSS Multiome 905
chr19:48,963,322–48,964,187 8.9 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 866
chr19:48,964,515–48,966,446 10.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1015
chr19:48,992,571–48,994,129 38.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 852
chr19:49,017,642–49,018,292 63.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 480
chr19:49,019,277–49,019,889 64.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 233
chr19:49,055,975–49,056,714 101.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 431
chr19:49,064,668–49,065,682 110.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 226
chr19:49,071,761–49,072,903 117.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 278
chr19:49,084,646–49,086,115 130.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1030
chr19:49,113,727–49,115,240 160.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 746
chr19:49,118,477–49,120,300 164.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 949
chr19:49,127,647–49,128,949 173.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1000
chr19:49,129,106–49,129,678 174.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 197
chr19:49,132,975–49,134,197 178.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 179
chr19:49,142,781–49,143,252 188.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 299
chr19:49,145,727–49,146,720 191.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 511
chr19:49,148,659–49,150,947 195.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 917
chr19:49,151,539–49,152,548 197.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 497
chr19:49,157,555–49,158,336 202.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 599
chr19:49,210,032–49,211,225 255.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 366

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the BAX locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr19:48,665,421 – 49,221,225
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq