Mitochondrial ATP synthase catalyzes ATP synthesis, utilizing an electrochemical gradient of protons across the inner membrane during oxidative phosphorylation. It is composed of two linked multi-subunit complexes: the soluble catalytic core, F1, and the membrane-spanning component, Fo, which comprises the proton channel. The F1 complex consists of 5 different subunits (alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon) assembled in a ratio of 3 alpha, 3 beta, and a single representative of the other 3. The Fo seems to have nine subunits (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, F6 and 8). This gene encodes the e subunit of the Fo complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ATP5ME. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ATP5ME upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ATP5ME, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr4:473,613–474,432 | 200.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 745 | |
| chr4:498,731–499,543 | 175.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 869 | |
| chr4:575,294–576,132 | 98.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 154 | |
| chr4:663,207–664,324 | 10.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 298 | |
| chr4:673,501–675,336 | 72 bp | At TSS Multiome | 920 | |
| chr4:680,919–681,550 | 7.1 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 275 | |
| chr4:684,015–684,449 | 9.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 423 | |
| chr4:688,280–689,636 | 15.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 218 | |
| chr4:705,313–706,398 | 31.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 613 | |
| chr4:781,187–782,732 | 107.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 893 | |
| chr4:825,232–826,278 | 151.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 317 | |
| chr4:826,462–827,691 | 152.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 180 | |
| chr4:931,599–932,710 | 258.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 818 | |
| chr4:945,351–946,054 | 271.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 73 | |
| chr4:972,792–974,408 | 299.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 437 |
Genomic view of the ATP5ME locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.