SRF
serum response factor | MCM1

This gene encodes a ubiquitous nuclear protein that stimulates both cell proliferation and differentiation. It is a member of the MADS (MCM1, Agamous, Deficiens, and SRF) box superfamily of transcription factors. This protein binds to the serum response element (SRE) in the promoter region of target genes. This protein regulates the activity of many immediate-early genes, for example c-fos, and thereby participates in cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, cell growth, and cell differentiation. This gene is the downstream target of many pathways; for example, the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway (MAPK) that acts through the ternary complex factors (TCFs). Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

Member of: DE-4 DE-4.25
Biological processes 79 terms
DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0140297)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)actin cytoskeleton organization (GO:0030036)actin cytoskeleton organization (GO:0030036)angiogenesis involved in wound healing (GO:0060055)cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation (GO:0060379)cardiac muscle cell myoblast differentiation (GO:0060379)cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis (GO:0002042)cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis (GO:0002042)cellular response to glucose stimulus (GO:0071333)cellular senescence (GO:0090398)chromatin (GO:0000785)chromatin DNA binding (GO:0031490)chromatin binding (GO:0003682)cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000987)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)heart development (GO:0007507)heart looping (GO:0001947)histone deacetylase binding (GO:0042826)in utero embryonic development (GO:0001701)long-term memory (GO:0007616)muscle cell cellular homeostasis (GO:0046716)negative regulation of amyloid-beta clearance (GO:1900222)negative regulation of cell migration (GO:0030336)negative regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008285)negative regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902894)negative regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902894)neuron development (GO:0048666)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of cell differentiation (GO:0045597)positive regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902895)positive regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902895)positive regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902895)positive regulation of smooth muscle contraction (GO:0045987)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by glucose (GO:0046016)positive regulation of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II (GO:0060261)primary miRNA binding (GO:0070878)primary miRNA binding (GO:0070878)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein dimerization activity (GO:0046983)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)regulation of smooth muscle cell differentiation (GO:0051150)response to cytokine (GO:0034097)response to cytokine (GO:0034097)response to hormone (GO:0009725)response to hypoxia (GO:0001666)response to toxic substance (GO:0009636)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837)serum response element binding (GO:0010736)serum response element binding (GO:0010736)serum response element binding (GO:0010736)trophectodermal cell differentiation (GO:0001829)wound healing (GO:0042060)
Expression (TPM)
SRF — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating SRF 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for SRF. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = SRF upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to SRF

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of SRF, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr6:42,879,371–42,880,327 291.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 982
chr6:42,890,329–42,891,383 280.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1066
chr6:42,911,181–42,912,079 259.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 327
chr6:42,928,809–42,930,153 241.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1111
chr6:42,960,347–42,961,147 210.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 597
chr6:42,978,475–42,979,742 192.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 914
chr6:42,983,832–42,985,046 186.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 737
chr6:43,013,264–43,014,790 157.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 874
chr6:43,020,970–43,021,878 149.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 766
chr6:43,053,156–43,054,116 117.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1033
chr6:43,059,118–43,060,383 111.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 906
chr6:43,075,612–43,077,611 93.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 744
chr6:43,096,382–43,096,822 74.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 290
chr6:43,143,296–43,143,802 27.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 638
chr6:43,170,289–43,172,815 69 bp At TSS Multiome 1025
chr6:43,173,720–43,174,910 3.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 765
chr6:43,181,838–43,182,555 10.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 874
chr6:43,228,982–43,229,794 58.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 918
chr6:43,246,576–43,247,616 75.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 750
chr6:43,267,244–43,268,167 96.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 772
chr6:43,285,054–43,285,508 114.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 68
chr6:43,308,219–43,309,149 137.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 462
chr6:43,368,714–43,370,143 198.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 909
chr6:43,426,936–43,428,340 256.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 919
chr6:43,454,362–43,454,991 283.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 686

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the SRF locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr6:42,869,371 – 43,464,991
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq
Huangfu Lab · Publications · Resources · Contact