The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for S100A4. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = S100A4 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of S100A4, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:153,260,802–153,262,055 | 283.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 209 | |
| chr1:153,494,904–153,495,543 | 50.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 290 | |
| chr1:153,532,833–153,533,594 | 11.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 493 | |
| chr1:153,538,198–153,538,657 | 6.6 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 338 | |
| chr1:153,544,844–153,545,543 | 109 bp | At TSS Multiome | 575 | |
| chr1:153,568,278–153,569,058 | 23.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 641 | |
| chr1:153,626,535–153,627,974 | 82.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 697 | |
| chr1:153,633,575–153,634,639 | 88.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 998 | |
| chr1:153,658,331–153,659,230 | 113.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 746 | |
| chr1:153,670,709–153,671,992 | 126.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 884 | |
| chr1:153,697,776–153,698,654 | 153.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 313 | |
| chr1:153,727,492–153,728,827 | 182.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 702 | |
| chr1:153,745,487–153,745,959 | 200.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 55 | |
| chr1:153,774,962–153,776,698 | 231.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 671 | |
| chr1:153,783,341–153,784,300 | 238.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 794 |
Genomic view of the S100A4 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.