The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the ATPase subunits, a member of the triple-A family of ATPases which have a chaperone-like activity. This subunit has been shown to interact with several of the basal transcription factors so, in addition to participation in proteasome functions, this subunit may participate in the regulation of transcription. This subunit may also compete with PSMC3 for binding to the HIV tat protein to regulate the interaction between the viral protein and the transcription complex. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2011]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for PSMC2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = PSMC2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of PSMC2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr7:103,074,047–103,075,916 | 272.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 860 | |
| chr7:103,148,730–103,149,910 | 198.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1002 | |
| chr7:103,279,769–103,280,793 | 67.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 291 | |
| chr7:103,297,040–103,297,853 | 50.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 880 | |
| chr7:103,344,148–103,345,138 | 2.9 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 994 | |
| chr7:103,347,517–103,348,162 | 80 bp | At TSS Multiome | 795 | |
| chr7:103,445,161–103,446,559 | 98.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 424 | |
| chr7:103,597,491–103,598,216 | 250.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 73 | |
| chr7:104,944,876–104,945,547 | 1597.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 743 |
Genomic view of the PSMC2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.