Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for MRPL33. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = MRPL33 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of MRPL33, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr2:27,489,334–27,490,205 | 281.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 731 | |
| chr2:27,494,797–27,495,577 | 276.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 380 | |
| chr2:27,517,085–27,517,958 | 254.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 130 | |
| chr2:27,582,572–27,583,317 | 188.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 843 | |
| chr2:27,628,534–27,629,380 | 142.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 828 | |
| chr2:27,663,338–27,664,216 | 108.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1035 | |
| chr2:27,681,105–27,682,049 | 90.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 85 | |
| chr2:27,715,293–27,715,981 | 55.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 346 | |
| chr2:27,735,279–27,736,049 | 36.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 395 | |
| chr2:27,752,465–27,753,359 | 18.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 577 | |
| chr2:27,771,346–27,772,271 | 47 bp | At TSS Multiome | 941 | |
| chr2:27,889,901–27,891,358 | 118.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1000 | |
| chr2:28,389,959–28,391,306 | 618.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 813 | |
| chr2:28,391,512–28,393,894 | 621.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1049 |
Genomic view of the MRPL33 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.