This gene encodes the K-type mitochondrial glutaminase. The encoded protein is an phosphate-activated amidohydrolase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glutamine to glutamate and ammonia. This protein is primarily expressed in the brain and kidney plays an essential role in generating energy for metabolism, synthesizing the brain neurotransmitter glutamate and maintaining acid-base balance in the kidney. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for GLS. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = GLS upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of GLS, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr2:190,636,515–190,638,167 | 243.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 219 | |
| chr2:190,647,806–190,650,037 | 231.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 864 | |
| chr2:190,679,871–190,680,604 | 200.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 345 | |
| chr2:190,860,849–190,861,826 | 19.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 191 | |
| chr2:190,869,557–190,870,549 | 10.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 91 | |
| chr2:190,880,124–190,882,292 | 1.2 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 1086 | |
| chr2:190,883,288–190,883,466 | 2.5 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 51 | |
| chr2:191,013,523–191,014,882 | 133.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1090 | |
| chr2:191,020,168–191,020,996 | 139.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1169 | |
| chr2:191,049,645–191,052,413 | 169.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 448 | |
| chr2:191,150,245–191,151,620 | 270.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 430 | |
| chr2:191,155,578–191,156,319 | 275.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 129 | |
| chr2:191,166,129–191,168,453 | 286.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 369 |
Genomic view of the GLS locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.