This gene encodes a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions This protein binds to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE), an octameric palindrome. It forms a homodimer or a heterodimer with c-Jun and stimulates CRE-dependent transcription. This protein is also a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) that specifically acetylates histones H2B and H4 in vitro; thus it may represent a class of sequence-specific factors that activate transcription by direct effects on chromatin components. The encoded protein may also be involved in cell's DNA damage response independent of its role in transcriptional regulation. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ATF2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ATF2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ATF2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr2:174,925,097–174,925,704 | 242.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 80 | |
| chr2:175,004,425–175,005,846 | 162.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 671 | |
| chr2:175,167,310–175,168,864 | 202 bp | At TSS Multiome | 1063 | |
| chr2:175,180,872–175,182,073 | 13.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1051 | |
| chr2:175,276,744–175,277,617 | 109.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 69 | |
| chr2:176,106,474–176,108,077 | 939.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 426 |
Genomic view of the ATF2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.