This gene encodes a zinc finger protein containing a KRAB (Kruppel-associated box) domain found in transcriptional repressors. This gene may be methylated and silenced in cancer cells. This gene is located within a differentially methylated region (DMR) and shows allele-specific expression in placenta. Alternative splicing and the use of alternative promoters results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ZNF331. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ZNF331 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ZNF331, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr19:53,254,450–53,255,344 | 266.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 295 | |
| chr19:53,333,122–53,334,368 | 187.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 319 | |
| chr19:53,365,124–53,366,164 | 155.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 346 | |
| chr19:53,394,512–53,395,775 | 126.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 453 | |
| chr19:53,431,377–53,432,626 | 89.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 522 | |
| chr19:53,463,129–53,463,807 | 57.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 104 | |
| chr19:53,467,122–53,469,090 | 53.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 381 | |
| chr19:53,511,942–53,512,345 | 8.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 153 | |
| chr19:53,520,353–53,521,485 | 156 bp | At TSS Multiome | 700 | |
| chr19:53,537,348–53,538,212 | 16.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 623 | |
| chr19:53,594,477–53,595,909 | 74.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 262 | |
| chr19:53,612,802–53,613,443 | 91.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 182 | |
| chr19:53,772,960–53,773,600 | 252.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 98 | |
| chr19:53,774,097–53,775,097 | 253.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 24 | |
| chr19:53,792,791–53,793,343 | 272.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 470 |
Genomic view of the ZNF331 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.