XBP1

XBP1

X-box binding protein 1 | XBP2

This gene encodes a transcription factor that regulates MHC class II genes by binding to a promoter element referred to as an X box. This gene product is a bZIP protein, which was also identified as a cellular transcription factor that binds to an enhancer in the promoter of the T cell leukemia virus type 1 promoter. It may increase expression of viral proteins by acting as the DNA binding partner of a viral transactivator. It has been found that upon accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the mRNA of this gene is processed to an active form by an unconventional splicing mechanism that is mediated by the endonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1). The resulting loss of 26 nt from the spliced mRNA causes a frame-shift and an isoform XBP1(S), which is the functionally active transcription factor. The isoform encoded by the unspliced mRNA, XBP1(U), is constitutively expressed, and thought to function as a negative feedback regulator of XBP1(S), which shuts off transcription of target genes during the recovery phase of ER stress. A pseudogene of XBP1 has been identified and localized to chromosome 5. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Member of: DE-1 DE-1.16 Developmental clusters: GC4

Biological processes 123 terms

ATF6-mediated unfolded protein response (GO:0036500)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)ERAD pathway (GO:0036503)IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (GO:0036498)IRE1-mediated unfolded protein response (GO:0036498)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000977)adipose tissue development (GO:0060612)angiogenesis (GO:0001525)cellular response to amino acid stimulus (GO:0071230)cellular response to fluid shear stress (GO:0071498)cellular response to fructose stimulus (GO:0071332)cellular response to glucose starvation (GO:0042149)cellular response to glucose stimulus (GO:0071333)cellular response to insulin stimulus (GO:0032869)cellular response to interleukin-4 (GO:0071353)cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress (GO:0071499)cellular response to lipopolysaccharide (GO:0071222)cellular response to nutrient (GO:0031670)cellular response to oxidative stress (GO:0034599)cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus (GO:0071375)cellular response to vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus (GO:0035924)cholesterol homeostasis (GO:0042632)chromatin DNA binding (GO:0031490)cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000987)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytosol (GO:0005829)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)endoplasmic reticulum (GO:0005783)endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789)endoplasmic reticulum membrane (GO:0005789)endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (GO:0030968)endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (GO:0030968)endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (GO:0030968)endothelial cell proliferation (GO:0001935)fatty acid biosynthetic process (GO:0006633)fatty acid homeostasis (GO:0055089)histone deacetylase binding (GO:0042826)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)immune response (GO:0006955)intracellular triglyceride homeostasis (GO:0035356)liver development (GO:0001889)membrane (GO:0016020)negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070373)negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction (GO:0060392)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:1902236)negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (GO:1900102)negative regulation of myotube differentiation (GO:0010832)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway (GO:0030512)neuron development (GO:0048666)nuclear estrogen receptor binding (GO:0030331)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0043491)positive regulation of B cell differentiation (GO:0045579)positive regulation of ERAD pathway (GO:1904294)positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process (GO:0045348)positive regulation of T cell differentiation (GO:0045582)positive regulation of TOR signaling (GO:0032008)positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766)positive regulation of autophagy (GO:0010508)positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response (GO:1900017)positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process (GO:2000353)positive regulation of fat cell differentiation (GO:0045600)positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation (GO:2000347)positive regulation of immunoglobulin production (GO:0002639)positive regulation of immunoglobulin production (GO:0002639)positive regulation of interleukin-6 production (GO:0032755)positive regulation of lactation (GO:1903489)positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0051897)positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0051897)positive regulation of phospholipid biosynthetic process (GO:0071073)positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation (GO:1900100)positive regulation of protein acetylation (GO:1901985)positive regulation of protein import into nucleus (GO:0042307)positive regulation of protein phosphorylation (GO:0001934)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration (GO:1904754)positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration (GO:1904754)positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation (GO:1904707)positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation (GO:1904707)positive regulation of vascular wound healing (GO:0035470)protease binding (GO:0002020)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein destabilization (GO:0031648)protein destabilization (GO:0031648)protein heterodimerization activity (GO:0046982)protein kinase binding (GO:0019901)regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)regulation of cell growth (GO:0001558)regulation of protein stability (GO:0031647)regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357)response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (GO:0034976)response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (GO:0034976)response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus (GO:1990418)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837)sterol homeostasis (GO:0055092)transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006366)transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976)ubiquitin protein ligase binding (GO:0031625)ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0006511)ubiquitin-like protein ligase binding (GO:0044389)vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0048010)

Expression (TPM)

TFs regulating XBP1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for XBP1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = XBP1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

TF	Mean coef	Binding	Outlier	TF→Gene link

Rows:

Elements linked to XBP1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of XBP1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility	Element	Dist. to TSS	Link type	TFs
	chr22:28,679,491–28,680,261	120.7 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	374
	chr22:28,741,336–28,742,751	58.7 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	926
	chr22:28,772,518–28,773,373	27.8 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	796
	chr22:28,800,006–28,801,035	31 bp	At TSS Multiome	829
	chr22:28,882,670–28,884,893	82.8 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	802
	chr22:29,004,535–29,005,249	204.4 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	417
	chr22:29,029,712–29,031,115	230.3 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	773
	chr22:29,071,484–29,071,874	271.0 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	332
	chr22:29,072,494–29,074,480	272.4 kb	Distal (>10kb) Multiome	537

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the XBP1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.