This gene encodes a class III member of the beta tubulin protein family. Beta tubulins are one of two core protein families (alpha and beta tubulins) that heterodimerize and assemble to form microtubules. This protein is primarily expressed in neurons and may be involved in neurogenesis and axon guidance and maintenance. Mutations in this gene are the cause of congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles type 3. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2010]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TUBB3. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TUBB3 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TUBB3, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr16:89,657,432–89,658,521 | 265.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 859 | |
| chr16:89,686,359–89,687,641 | 236.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1006 | |
| chr16:89,699,933–89,702,566 | 221.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1079 | |
| chr16:89,711,278–89,712,334 | 211.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 443 | |
| chr16:89,720,440–89,722,486 | 202.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1048 | |
| chr16:89,816,022–89,817,100 | 106.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 995 | |
| chr16:89,827,667–89,829,190 | 94.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 784 | |
| chr16:89,872,618–89,874,723 | 49.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1046 | |
| chr16:89,917,809–89,919,023 | 4.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 986 | |
| chr16:89,921,530–89,925,204 | 116 bp | At TSS Multiome | 1006 | |
| chr16:89,925,437–89,926,738 | 2.9 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 654 | |
| chr16:89,972,039–89,973,313 | 49.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 965 | |
| chr16:90,018,651–90,020,274 | 96.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 634 | |
| chr16:90,046,432–90,047,827 | 123.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 700 | |
| chr16:90,077,247–90,078,026 | 154.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 412 | |
| chr16:90,081,997–90,082,775 | 158.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 755 |
Genomic view of the TUBB3 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.