The protein encoded by this gene contains an HMG-box, indicating that it may be involved in bending and unwinding of DNA and alteration of chromatin structure. The C-terminus of the encoded protein is glutamine-rich due to CAG repeats in the coding sequence. A minor allele of this gene has been implicated in an elevated risk of breast cancer. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TOX3. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TOX3 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TOX3, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr16:52,545,175–52,545,927 | 1.2 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 274 | |
| chr16:52,546,078–52,547,894 | 12 bp | At TSS Multiome | 448 | |
| chr16:52,548,480–52,548,791 | 1.3 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 221 | |
| chr16:52,549,020–52,549,247 | 1.9 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 132 | |
| chr16:52,646,815–52,647,909 | 100.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 205 |
Genomic view of the TOX3 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.