Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II requires the activities of more than 70 polypeptides. The protein that coordinates these activities is transcription factor IID (TFIID), which binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly, serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex, and acts as a channel for regulatory signals. TFIID is composed of the TATA-binding protein (TBP) and a group of evolutionarily conserved proteins known as TBP-associated factors or TAFs. TAFs may participate in basal transcription, serve as coactivators, function in promoter recognition or modify general transcription factors (GTFs) to facilitate complex assembly and transcription initiation. This gene encodes one of the smaller subunits of TFIID that binds to the basal transcription factor GTF2B as well as to several transcriptional activators such as p53 and VP16. In human, TAF9 and AK6 (GeneID: 102157402) are two distinct genes that share 5' exons. A similar but distinct gene (TAF9L) has been found on the X chromosome and a pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 19. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TAF9. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TAF9 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TAF9, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr5:69,093,377–69,094,772 | 275.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 952 | |
| chr5:69,166,575–69,167,819 | 202.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 840 | |
| chr5:69,188,979–69,190,115 | 179.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 898 | |
| chr5:69,217,542–69,218,587 | 151.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 898 | |
| chr5:69,234,302–69,235,305 | 134.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 732 | |
| chr5:69,300,544–69,301,286 | 68.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 217 | |
| chr5:69,368,998–69,370,235 | 137 bp | At TSS Multiome | 956 | |
| chr5:69,414,852–69,415,897 | 45.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 714 | |
| chr5:69,492,169–69,494,057 | 123.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 821 | |
| chr5:69,499,604–69,500,518 | 130.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 300 |
Genomic view of the TAF9 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.