The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes one of the ATPase subunits, a member of the triple-A family of ATPases which have a chaperone-like activity. This subunit and a 20S core alpha subunit interact specifically with the hepatitis B virus X protein, a protein critical to viral replication. This subunit also interacts with the adenovirus E1A protein and this interaction alters the activity of the proteasome. Finally, this subunit interacts with ataxin-7, suggesting a role for the proteasome in the development of spinocerebellar ataxia type 7, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for PSMC1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = PSMC1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of PSMC1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr14:90,060,116–90,062,635 | 195.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 531 | |
| chr14:90,204,480–90,205,107 | 51.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 34 | |
| chr14:90,235,195–90,235,657 | 21.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 401 | |
| chr14:90,256,406–90,256,862 | 48 bp | At TSS Multiome | 718 | |
| chr14:90,331,584–90,332,424 | 75.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 791 | |
| chr14:90,345,568–90,346,463 | 89.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 289 | |
| chr14:90,382,634–90,384,382 | 126.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1027 | |
| chr14:90,396,430–90,398,792 | 140.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1151 | |
| chr14:90,399,397–90,399,863 | 143.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 555 | |
| chr14:90,454,113–90,454,877 | 197.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 239 |
Genomic view of the PSMC1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.