The protein encoded by this gene is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 1,3-diphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. The encoded protein may also act as a cofactor for polymerase alpha. Additionally, this protein is secreted by tumor cells where it participates in angiogenesis by functioning to reduce disulfide bonds in the serine protease, plasmin, which consequently leads to the release of the tumor blood vessel inhibitor angiostatin. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Deficiency of the enzyme is associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes hemolytic anemia and neurological impairment. Pseudogenes of this gene have been defined on chromosomes 19, 21 and the X chromosome. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for PGK1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = PGK1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of PGK1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chrX:77,894,933–77,895,826 | 208.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 543 | |
| chrX:77,899,137–77,899,809 | 204.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 504 | |
| chrX:77,910,405–77,911,140 | 193.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 574 | |
| chrX:78,103,641–78,105,079 | 204 bp | At TSS Multiome | 867 | |
| chrX:78,108,016–78,108,188 | 3.8 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 26 | |
| chrX:78,113,155–78,113,614 | 8.9 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 18 | |
| chrX:78,139,006–78,140,056 | 35.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 593 | |
| chrX:78,213,300–78,214,197 | 109.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 196 |
Genomic view of the PGK1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.