This gene encodes an nuclear-encoded accessory subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (complex I, or NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase). Complex I removes electrons from NADH and passes them to the electron acceptor ubiquinone. Mutations in this gene can cause mitochondrial complex I deficiencies such as Leigh syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for NDUFS4. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = NDUFS4 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of NDUFS4, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr5:53,432,594–53,434,095 | 127.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 196 | |
| chr5:53,478,197–53,479,326 | 81.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 625 | |
| chr5:53,479,490–53,481,204 | 80.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 549 | |
| chr5:53,482,527–53,483,492 | 77.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 564 | |
| chr5:53,552,743–53,553,747 | 7.5 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 169 | |
| chr5:53,554,513–53,554,725 | 5.9 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 42 | |
| chr5:53,560,372–53,561,195 | 189 bp | At TSS Multiome | 824 | |
| chr5:53,671,258–53,672,124 | 111.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 162 |
Genomic view of the NDUFS4 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.