The human NDUFA1 gene codes for an essential component of complex I of the respiratory chain, which transfers electrons from NADH to ubiquinone. It has been noted that the N-terminal hydrophobic domain has the potential to be folded into an alpha-helix spanning the inner mitochondrial membrane with a C-terminal hydrophilic domain interacting with globular subunits of complex I. The highly conserved two-domain structure suggests that this feature is critical for the protein function and might act as an anchor for the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase complex at the inner mitochondrial membrane. However, the NDUFA1 peptide is one of about 31 components of the "hydrophobic protein" (HP) fraction of complex I which is involved in proton translocation. Thus the NDUFA1 peptide may also participate in that function. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for NDUFA1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = NDUFA1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of NDUFA1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chrX:119,573,862–119,575,243 | 297.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 734 | |
| chrX:119,605,775–119,606,635 | 265.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 518 | |
| chrX:119,692,568–119,693,792 | 178.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 595 | |
| chrX:119,757,760–119,759,432 | 113.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 507 | |
| chrX:119,791,353–119,792,197 | 80.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 699 | |
| chrX:119,852,659–119,853,400 | 18.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 612 | |
| chrX:119,871,438–119,872,306 | 40 bp | At TSS Multiome | 720 | |
| chrX:119,943,211–119,943,921 | 71.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 763 |
Genomic view of the NDUFA1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.