Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein that belongs to the L32 ribosomal protein family. A pseudogene corresponding to this gene is found on chromosome Xp. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for MRPL32. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = MRPL32 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of MRPL32, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr7:42,887,741–42,889,424 | 44.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 819 | |
| chr7:42,911,366–42,912,538 | 20.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 975 | |
| chr7:42,931,754–42,932,671 | 87 bp | At TSS Multiome | 701 | |
| chr7:42,932,877–42,933,530 | 502 bp | At TSS | 165 | |
| chr7:42,941,099–42,941,745 | 8.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 272 | |
| chr7:42,965,185–42,965,768 | 33.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 88 | |
| chr7:43,108,219–43,108,698 | 176.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 184 | |
| chr7:43,112,283–43,114,054 | 180.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 392 | |
| chr7:43,439,357–43,440,269 | 507.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 289 |
Genomic view of the MRPL32 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.