Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. A pseudogene corresponding to this gene is found on chromosome 21q. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for MRPL20. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = MRPL20 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of MRPL20, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:1,115,769–1,117,022 | 291.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 743 | |
| chr1:1,157,424–1,158,362 | 249.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 575 | |
| chr1:1,200,907–1,201,739 | 205.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 430 | |
| chr1:1,231,448–1,233,390 | 175.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 884 | |
| chr1:1,273,333–1,274,645 | 133.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 779 | |
| chr1:1,293,434–1,294,454 | 113.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 234 | |
| chr1:1,307,375–1,310,219 | 99.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 897 | |
| chr1:1,324,278–1,325,394 | 82.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 735 | |
| chr1:1,348,716–1,350,027 | 57.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 539 | |
| chr1:1,353,403–1,354,425 | 53.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 276 | |
| chr1:1,374,767–1,375,798 | 31.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1113 | |
| chr1:1,398,861–1,399,955 | 7.8 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 879 | |
| chr1:1,406,992–1,407,823 | 69 bp | At TSS Multiome | 938 | |
| chr1:1,435,318–1,436,066 | 28.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 511 | |
| chr1:1,511,442–1,512,404 | 104.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 897 | |
| chr1:1,540,164–1,541,317 | 133.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 195 | |
| chr1:1,573,904–1,575,432 | 167.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 949 | |
| chr1:1,599,945–1,600,642 | 192.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 307 | |
| chr1:1,615,103–1,616,799 | 208.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 951 | |
| chr1:1,628,379–1,632,529 | 222.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 552 | |
| chr1:1,658,722–1,659,418 | 251.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 602 |
Genomic view of the MRPL20 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.