MDH2
malate dehydrogenase 2

Malate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reversible oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate, utilizing the NAD/NADH cofactor system in the citric acid cycle. The protein encoded by this gene is localized to the mitochondria and may play pivotal roles in the malate-aspartate shuttle that operates in the metabolic coordination between cytosol and mitochondria. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

Member of: DE-1 DE-1.6
Biological processes 38 terms
L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity (GO:0030060)L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity (GO:0030060)L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity (GO:0030060)L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity (GO:0030060)L-malate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity (GO:0030060)L-malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity (GO:0046554)RNA binding (GO:0003723)RNA binding (GO:0003723)aerobic respiration (GO:0009060)carboxylic acid metabolic process (GO:0019752)catalytic activity (GO:0003824)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)extracellular exosome (GO:0070062)gluconeogenesis (GO:0006094)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)malate dehydrogenase activity (GO:0016615)malate metabolic process (GO:0006108)malate metabolic process (GO:0006108)malate metabolic process (GO:0006108)malate-aspartate shuttle (GO:0043490)malate-aspartate shuttle (GO:0043490)malate-aspartate shuttle (GO:0043490)membrane (GO:0016020)mitochondrial matrix (GO:0005759)mitochondrial matrix (GO:0005759)mitochondrial matrix (GO:0005759)mitochondrial matrix (GO:0005759)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)nucleus (GO:0005634)oxidoreductase activity (GO:0016491)oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor (GO:0016616)tricarboxylic acid cycle (GO:0006099)tricarboxylic acid cycle (GO:0006099)tricarboxylic acid cycle (GO:0006099)tricarboxylic acid cycle (GO:0006099)
Expression (TPM)
MDH2 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating MDH2 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for MDH2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = MDH2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to MDH2

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of MDH2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr7:75,778,655–75,779,512 268.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 54
chr7:75,780,667–75,781,151 267.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 106
chr7:75,788,149–75,788,821 259.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 95
chr7:75,878,577–75,879,573 169.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 883
chr7:75,914,282–75,915,911 133.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1021
chr7:75,993,473–75,995,401 53.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 873
chr7:76,047,582–76,048,952 37 bp At TSS Multiome 920
chr7:76,049,172–76,049,650 1.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 136
chr7:76,050,376–76,050,863 2.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) 58
chr7:76,073,173–76,073,663 25.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 100
chr7:76,163,449–76,164,544 115.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 132
chr7:76,166,338–76,167,166 118.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 644
chr7:76,177,965–76,178,641 130.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 670
chr7:76,201,356–76,202,307 153.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 937
chr7:76,234,695–76,235,681 187.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 329
chr7:76,259,707–76,261,052 212.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 332
chr7:76,267,044–76,267,853 219.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 211
chr7:76,282,299–76,283,220 234.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 237
chr7:76,291,428–76,292,275 243.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 767
chr7:76,302,207–76,304,173 254.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 943
chr7:76,314,028–76,314,686 266.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 715
chr7:76,317,523–76,319,173 270.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 840

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the MDH2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr7:75,768,655 – 76,329,173
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq
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