This gene encodes a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase family of proteins. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate alpha and beta subunits that form a heterotetrameric receptor. Binding of insulin or other ligands to this receptor activates the insulin signaling pathway, which regulates glucose uptake and release, as well as the synthesis and storage of carbohydrates, lipids and protein. Mutations in this gene underlie the inherited severe insulin resistance syndromes including type A insulin resistance syndrome, Donohue syndrome and Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2015]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for INSR. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = INSR upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of INSR, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr19:7,069,080–7,069,969 | 225.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 748 | |
| chr19:7,098,739–7,099,728 | 195.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 683 | |
| chr19:7,197,125–7,197,557 | 97.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 652 | |
| chr19:7,197,811–7,198,607 | 96.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 815 | |
| chr19:7,293,755–7,294,636 | 53 bp | At TSS Multiome | 668 | |
| chr19:7,294,853–7,295,031 | 439 bp | At TSS | 551 | |
| chr19:7,394,774–7,395,629 | 100.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 601 | |
| chr19:7,482,657–7,483,489 | 188.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 201 | |
| chr19:7,488,712–7,489,463 | 194.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 542 | |
| chr19:7,500,843–7,501,401 | 206.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 556 | |
| chr19:7,505,850–7,507,270 | 212.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 516 | |
| chr19:7,507,812–7,508,356 | 213.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 168 | |
| chr19:7,522,263–7,523,208 | 228.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 917 | |
| chr19:7,533,976–7,536,472 | 239.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 882 | |
| chr19:7,550,673–7,551,762 | 257.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 377 | |
| chr19:7,554,651–7,555,821 | 260.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 224 |
Genomic view of the INSR locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.