HAND1
heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 1 | Hxt, Thing1, bHLHa27, eHand

The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors. This gene product is one of two closely related family members, the HAND proteins, which are asymmetrically expressed in the developing ventricular chambers and play an essential role in cardiac morphogenesis. Working in a complementary fashion, they function in the formation of the right ventricle and aortic arch arteries, implicating them as mediators of congenital heart disease. In addition, it has been suggested that this transcription factor may be required for early trophoblast differentiation. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Developmental clusters: GC2
Biological processes 46 terms
DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex (GO:0090575)RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000977)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)angiogenesis (GO:0001525)bHLH transcription factor binding (GO:0043425)bHLH transcription factor binding (GO:0043425)blastocyst development (GO:0001824)cardiac left ventricle formation (GO:0003218)cardiac right ventricle formation (GO:0003219)cardiac septum morphogenesis (GO:0060411)chromatin (GO:0000785)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)embryonic heart tube development (GO:0035050)enzyme binding (GO:0019899)heart development (GO:0007507)heart development (GO:0007507)heart looping (GO:0001947)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)nucleolus (GO:0005730)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein dimerization activity (GO:0046983)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976)transcription coregulator binding (GO:0001221)transcription coregulator binding (GO:0001221)trophectodermal cell differentiation (GO:0001829)trophoblast giant cell differentiation (GO:0060707)ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis (GO:0055010)
Expression (TPM)
HAND1 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating HAND1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for HAND1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = HAND1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to HAND1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of HAND1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr5:154,467,573–154,468,350 9.9 kb Proximal (<10kb) 289
chr5:154,472,994–154,474,261 4.0 kb Proximal (<10kb) 210
chr5:154,475,660–154,476,850 1.4 kb Proximal (<10kb) 158
chr5:154,477,268–154,479,654 at TSS At TSS 351
chr5:154,479,905–154,480,405 1.7 kb Proximal (<10kb) 89

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the HAND1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr5:154,457,573 – 154,490,405
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq