ENPP2
ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 | ATX, PD-IALPHA, PDNP2

The protein encoded by this gene functions as both a phosphodiesterase, which cleaves phosphodiester bonds at the 5' end of oligonucleotides, and a phospholipase, which catalyzes production of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) in extracellular fluids. LPA evokes growth factor-like responses including stimulation of cell proliferation and chemotaxis. This gene product stimulates the motility of tumor cells and has angiogenic properties, and its expression is upregulated in several kinds of carcinomas. The gene product is secreted and further processed to make the biologically active form. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2008]

Member of: DE-4 Developmental clusters: GC7
Biological processes 36 terms
D-type glycerophospholipase activity (GO:0004630)alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity (GO:0047391)alkylglycerophosphoethanolamine phosphodiesterase activity (GO:0047391)calcium ion binding (GO:0005509)calcium ion binding (GO:0005509)calcium ion binding (GO:0005509)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)hydrolase activity (GO:0016787)hydrolase activity (GO:0016787)immune response (GO:0006955)metal ion binding (GO:0046872)nucleic acid binding (GO:0003676)phosphatidylcholine catabolic process (GO:0034638)phosphatidylcholine catabolic process (GO:0034638)phosphatidylcholine catabolic process (GO:0034638)phosphatidylcholine lysophospholipase A1 activity (GO:0004622)phosphatidylcholine lysophospholipase A1 activity (GO:0004622)phosphatidylcholine lysophospholipase A1 activity (GO:0004622)phosphodiesterase I activity (GO:0004528)phosphodiesterase I activity (GO:0004528)phospholipid catabolic process (GO:0009395)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)polysaccharide binding (GO:0030247)positive regulation of epithelial cell migration (GO:0010634)positive regulation of epithelial cell migration (GO:0010634)positive regulation of lamellipodium morphogenesis (GO:2000394)regulation of cell migration (GO:0030334)scavenger receptor activity (GO:0005044)sphingolipid catabolic process (GO:0030149)vesicle-mediated transport (GO:0016192)zinc ion binding (GO:0008270)zinc ion binding (GO:0008270)zinc ion binding (GO:0008270)
Expression (TPM)
ENPP2 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating ENPP2 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ENPP2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ENPP2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to ENPP2

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ENPP2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr8:119,415,758–119,417,536 256.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 611
chr8:119,638,540–119,639,410 34.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 275
chr8:119,672,030–119,673,835 142 bp At TSS Multiome 397
chr8:119,674,192–119,674,910 739 bp At TSS 16
chr8:119,677,512–119,678,310 4.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 69
chr8:119,717,408–119,717,936 44.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 48
chr8:119,767,312–119,768,267 94.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 559
chr8:119,832,338–119,833,429 159.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 811
chr8:119,855,284–119,857,254 182.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 941
chr8:119,873,210–119,874,965 200.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 871

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the ENPP2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr8:119,405,758 – 119,884,965
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq