This gene encodes a peptide hormone that binds to the Apelin receptor. The encoded protein is required for heart development in zebrafish and has been shown to maintain self-renewal of human embryonic stem cells through activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Experiments in human and mouse cell lines point to additional roles for the encoded protein in angiogenesis and regulation of vascular tone. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for APELA. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = APELA upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of APELA, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr4:164,867,096–164,867,438 | 9.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 106 | |
| chr4:164,871,647–164,871,843 | 5.3 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 20 | |
| chr4:164,876,761–164,877,258 | at TSS | At TSS | 219 | |
| chr4:164,956,712–164,957,541 | 79.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 417 | |
| chr4:165,112,149–165,113,934 | 235.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 902 |
Genomic view of the APELA locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.