Adenylate kinases are involved in regulating the adenine nucleotide composition within a cell by catalyzing the reversible transfer of phosphate groups among adenine nucleotides. Three isozymes of adenylate kinase, namely 1, 2, and 3, have been identified in vertebrates; this gene encodes isozyme 2. Expression of these isozymes is tissue-specific and developmentally regulated. Isozyme 2 is localized in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and may play a role in apoptosis. Mutations in this gene are the cause of reticular dysgenesis. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene are found on chromosomes 1 and 2.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2010]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for AK2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = AK2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of AK2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:32,736,558–32,737,765 | 299.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 507 | |
| chr1:32,753,606–32,755,507 | 282.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 565 | |
| chr1:32,758,502–32,759,280 | 278.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 144 | |
| chr1:32,765,137–32,765,925 | 271.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 122 | |
| chr1:32,772,938–32,773,451 | 263.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 441 | |
| chr1:32,816,876–32,818,654 | 219.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1138 | |
| chr1:32,870,570–32,871,148 | 166.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 182 | |
| chr1:32,886,388–32,887,030 | 150.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 917 | |
| chr1:32,892,705–32,893,946 | 143.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 444 | |
| chr1:32,901,143–32,901,775 | 135.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 393 | |
| chr1:32,963,782–32,965,243 | 72.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 882 | |
| chr1:32,972,824–32,973,439 | 63.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 489 | |
| chr1:33,036,391–33,037,199 | 79 bp | At TSS Multiome | 948 | |
| chr1:33,080,764–33,081,783 | 44.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 556 | |
| chr1:33,127,180–33,127,648 | 90.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 877 | |
| chr1:33,152,752–33,153,392 | 116.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 151 | |
| chr1:33,180,551–33,182,306 | 144.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 692 | |
| chr1:33,255,428–33,256,795 | 218.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 509 |
Genomic view of the AK2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.