Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Two forms of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase exist, a cytoplasmic form, named WARS, and a mitochondrial form, named WARS2. This gene encodes the mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Two alternative transcripts encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for WARS2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = WARS2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of WARS2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr1:118,984,102–118,984,918 | 156.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 178 | |
| chr1:118,987,197–118,988,726 | 152.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 267 | |
| chr1:119,139,495–119,141,414 | 63 bp | At TSS Multiome | 945 | |
| chr1:119,326,868–119,328,207 | 187.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 644 | |
| chr1:119,340,746–119,341,560 | 200.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 375 | |
| chr1:119,431,427–119,432,339 | 291.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 65 |
Genomic view of the WARS2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.