The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is thought to be involved in growth-related cellular processes. This gene is associated with tumorigenesis and osteosarcoma. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TSPAN31. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TSPAN31 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TSPAN31, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr12:57,454,516–57,456,639 | 288.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 841 | |
| chr12:57,458,743–57,463,318 | 283.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 994 | |
| chr12:57,475,229–57,476,151 | 269.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 194 | |
| chr12:57,487,577–57,488,336 | 257.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 784 | |
| chr12:57,519,488–57,521,440 | 224.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1029 | |
| chr12:57,521,541–57,523,658 | 222.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 960 | |
| chr12:57,546,771–57,547,419 | 197.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 623 | |
| chr12:57,549,654–57,550,343 | 195.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 366 | |
| chr12:57,583,383–57,583,948 | 161.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 353 | |
| chr12:57,590,813–57,591,877 | 153.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 738 | |
| chr12:57,604,466–57,605,404 | 140.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 337 | |
| chr12:57,609,052–57,609,957 | 135.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 83 | |
| chr12:57,610,841–57,611,876 | 133.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 558 | |
| chr12:57,621,603–57,622,199 | 123.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 446 | |
| chr12:57,631,837–57,633,369 | 111.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 706 | |
| chr12:57,693,486–57,694,647 | 51.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 757 | |
| chr12:57,726,079–57,726,879 | 18.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 597 | |
| chr12:57,735,954–57,736,261 | 8.8 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 356 | |
| chr12:57,737,534–57,738,406 | 6.6 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 237 | |
| chr12:57,738,612–57,739,176 | 6.0 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 201 | |
| chr12:57,742,146–57,742,369 | 2.7 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 170 | |
| chr12:57,744,434–57,745,735 | 51 bp | At TSS Multiome | 822 | |
| chr12:57,751,806–57,753,147 | 7.4 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1030 | |
| chr12:57,754,455–57,756,188 | 9.9 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 616 | |
| chr12:57,756,649–57,757,193 | 11.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 315 | |
| chr12:57,765,020–57,765,720 | 20.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 472 | |
| chr12:57,766,452–57,767,514 | 22.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 330 | |
| chr12:57,771,528–57,773,018 | 27.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1006 | |
| chr12:57,782,579–57,783,204 | 37.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 916 | |
| chr12:57,814,980–57,815,520 | 70.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 117 | |
| chr12:57,844,422–57,847,797 | 102.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1032 | |
| chr12:57,852,281–57,853,469 | 107.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 295 | |
| chr12:57,865,060–57,865,767 | 120.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 547 | |
| chr12:57,888,522–57,889,064 | 143.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 328 | |
| chr12:57,896,473–57,897,915 | 151.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 419 | |
| chr12:57,935,860–57,936,461 | 191.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 650 | |
| chr12:57,940,778–57,942,227 | 196.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 836 |
Genomic view of the TSPAN31 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.