This gene encodes a member of the PAR (proline and acidic amino acid-rich) subfamily of basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. It is expressed in a broad range of cells and tissues in adult animals, however, during embryonic development, TEF expression appears to be restricted to the developing anterior pituitary gland, coincident with the appearance of thyroid-stimulating hormone, beta (TSHB). Indeed, TEF can bind to, and transactivate the TSHB promoter. It shows homology (in the functional domains) with other members of the PAR-bZIP subfamily of transcription factors, which include albumin D box-binding protein (DBP), human hepatic leukemia factor (HLF) and chicken vitellogenin gene-binding protein (VBP); VBP is considered the chicken homologue of TEF. Different members of the subfamily can readily form heterodimers, and share DNA-binding, and transcriptional regulatory properties. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for TEF. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = TEF upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of TEF, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr22:41,091,127–41,092,906 | 290.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 880 | |
| chr22:41,197,028–41,198,019 | 184.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 640 | |
| chr22:41,204,902–41,205,619 | 176.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 640 | |
| chr22:41,237,372–41,238,796 | 144.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 302 | |
| chr22:41,285,539–41,286,833 | 95.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 879 | |
| chr22:41,301,155–41,301,870 | 80.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 658 | |
| chr22:41,380,458–41,382,737 | 243 bp | At TSS Multiome | 925 | |
| chr22:41,413,486–41,414,305 | 31.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 832 | |
| chr22:41,444,084–41,445,743 | 62.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 607 | |
| chr22:41,446,165–41,449,007 | 65.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1188 | |
| chr22:41,468,341–41,469,602 | 87.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 920 | |
| chr22:41,512,659–41,513,151 | 131.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 354 | |
| chr22:41,543,855–41,544,782 | 162.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 755 | |
| chr22:41,589,188–41,590,530 | 208.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 758 | |
| chr22:41,620,173–41,622,049 | 239.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 880 | |
| chr22:41,666,496–41,667,405 | 284.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 725 |
Genomic view of the TEF locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.