SOX9
SRY-box transcription factor 9 | SRA1, CMD1, CMPD1

The protein encoded by this gene recognizes the sequence CCTTGAG along with other members of the HMG-box class DNA-binding proteins. It acts during chondrocyte differentiation and, with steroidogenic factor 1, regulates transcription of the anti-Muellerian hormone (AMH) gene. Deficiencies lead to the skeletal malformation syndrome campomelic dysplasia, frequently with sex reversal. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Developmental clusters: GC3
Biological processes 167 terms
DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001228)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070371)ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070371)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)Sertoli cell development (GO:0060009)Sertoli cell differentiation (GO:0060008)aortic valve morphogenesis (GO:0003180)bHLH transcription factor binding (GO:0043425)beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013)branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0001658)cartilage condensation (GO:0001502)cartilage development (GO:0051216)cartilage development (GO:0051216)cell fate specification (GO:0001708)cellular response to BMP stimulus (GO:0071773)cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus (GO:0071364)cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus (GO:0071364)cellular response to heparin (GO:0071504)cellular response to heparin (GO:0071504)cellular response to interleukin-1 (GO:0071347)cellular response to mechanical stimulus (GO:0071260)cellular response to mechanical stimulus (GO:0071260)cellular response to retinoic acid (GO:0071300)cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus (GO:0071560)cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus (GO:0071560)central nervous system development (GO:0007417)chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0002062)chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0002062)chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0002062)chondrocyte differentiation involved in endochondral bone morphogenesis (GO:0003413)chondrocyte hypertrophy (GO:0003415)chondrocyte hypertrophy (GO:0003415)chromatin (GO:0000785)chromatin binding (GO:0003682)chromatin remodeling (GO:0006338)cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000987)cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000987)cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000987)cochlea morphogenesis (GO:0090103)endocardial cushion morphogenesis (GO:0003203)epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007173)epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007173)epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostatic bud elongation (GO:0060517)epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0001837)gene expression (GO:0010467)growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth (GO:0003430)growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth (GO:0003430)hair follicle development (GO:0001942)heart development (GO:0007507)heart valve development (GO:0003170)heart valve development (GO:0003170)heart valve morphogenesis (GO:0003179)intestinal epithelial structure maintenance (GO:0060729)limb bud formation (GO:0060174)male germ-line sex determination (GO:0019100)male gonad development (GO:0008584)male gonad development (GO:0008584)mammary gland development (GO:0030879)metanephric nephron tubule formation (GO:0072289)metanephric tubule development (GO:0072170)morphogenesis of a branching epithelium (GO:0061138)morphogenesis of an epithelium (GO:0002009)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of beta-catenin-TCF complex assembly (GO:1904864)negative regulation of biomineral tissue development (GO:0070168)negative regulation of biomineral tissue development (GO:0070168)negative regulation of biomineral tissue development (GO:0070168)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0032331)negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (GO:0050680)negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation (GO:0046322)negative regulation of fatty acid oxidation (GO:0046322)negative regulation of immune system process (GO:0002683)negative regulation of immune system process (GO:0002683)negative regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902894)negative regulation of myoblast differentiation (GO:0045662)negative regulation of ossification (GO:0030279)negative regulation of ossification (GO:0030279)negative regulation of ossification (GO:0030279)negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation (GO:0045668)negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation (GO:0045668)negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation (GO:0046533)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)neural crest cell fate specification (GO:0014036)notochord development (GO:0030903)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleosome assembly (GO:0006334)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)oligodendrocyte differentiation (GO:0048709)ossification (GO:0001503)otic vesicle development (GO:0071599)otic vesicle formation (GO:0030916)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0090190)positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0090190)positive regulation of cartilage development (GO:0061036)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0032332)positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0032332)positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0032332)positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0032332)positive regulation of chondrocyte proliferation (GO:1902732)positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation (GO:0030858)positive regulation of epithelial cell migration (GO:0010634)positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (GO:0050679)positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation (GO:0050679)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of kidney development (GO:0090184)positive regulation of kidney development (GO:0090184)positive regulation of male gonad development (GO:2000020)positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation (GO:0002053)positive regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (GO:2000741)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)pre-mRNA intronic binding (GO:0097157)prostate gland development (GO:0030850)prostate gland development (GO:0030850)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding (GO:0034236)protein-containing complex (GO:0032991)protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0065003)regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981)regulation of cell cycle process (GO:0010564)regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0042127)regulation of cell proliferation involved in tissue homeostasis (GO:0060784)renal vesicle induction (GO:0072034)renal vesicle induction (GO:0072034)response to fatty acid (GO:0070542)response to fatty acid (GO:0070542)retina development in camera-type eye (GO:0060041)retinal rod cell differentiation (GO:0060221)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837)sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837)signal transduction (GO:0007165)signal transduction (GO:0007165)skeletal system development (GO:0001501)somatic stem cell population maintenance (GO:0035019)spermatogenesis (GO:0007283)tissue homeostasis (GO:0001894)tissue homeostasis (GO:0001894)transcription cis-regulatory region binding (GO:0000976)transcription regulator complex (GO:0005667)ureter urothelium development (GO:0072190)
Expression (TPM)
SOX9 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating SOX9 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for SOX9. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = SOX9 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to SOX9

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of SOX9, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr17:71,828,085–71,828,747 292.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 271
chr17:72,029,625–72,030,981 90.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 532
chr17:72,115,645–72,116,949 4.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 205
chr17:72,117,747–72,118,875 2.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 345
chr17:72,119,715–72,122,319 137 bp At TSS Multiome 897
chr17:72,122,581–72,123,172 1.6 kb Proximal (<10kb) 397
chr17:72,123,273–72,124,425 2.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) 510
chr17:72,150,786–72,151,388 30.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 204

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the SOX9 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr17:71,818,085 – 72,161,388
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq