This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for RAF1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = RAF1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of RAF1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr3:12,444,448–12,445,657 | 219.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 551 | |
| chr3:12,483,888–12,485,008 | 179.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 832 | |
| chr3:12,556,440–12,557,557 | 107.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1025 | |
| chr3:12,662,566–12,663,343 | 1.4 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 320 | |
| chr3:12,663,393–12,664,764 | 44 bp | At TSS Multiome | 941 | |
| chr3:12,768,768–12,769,541 | 104.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 69 | |
| chr3:12,796,430–12,797,162 | 132.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 467 | |
| chr3:12,809,737–12,810,783 | 146.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 598 | |
| chr3:12,833,218–12,834,303 | 169.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 191 | |
| chr3:12,841,044–12,841,991 | 177.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 956 | |
| chr3:12,868,442–12,869,473 | 205.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 404 | |
| chr3:12,875,773–12,876,581 | 212.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 256 |
Genomic view of the RAF1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.