The 26S proteasome is a multicatalytic proteinase complex with a highly ordered structure composed of 2 complexes, a 20S core and a 19S regulator. The 20S core is composed of 4 rings of 28 non-identical subunits; 2 rings are composed of 7 alpha subunits and 2 rings are composed of 7 beta subunits. The 19S regulator is composed of a base, which contains 6 ATPase subunits and 2 non-ATPase subunits, and a lid, which contains up to 10 non-ATPase subunits. Proteasomes are distributed throughout eukaryotic cells at a high concentration and cleave peptides in an ATP/ubiquitin-dependent process in a non-lysosomal pathway. An essential function of a modified proteasome, the immunoproteasome, is the processing of class I MHC peptides. This gene encodes a non-ATPase subunit of the 19S regulator. Three transcript variants encoding two different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2012]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for PSMD9. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = PSMD9 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of PSMD9, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr12:121,625,878–121,627,559 | 262.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 904 | |
| chr12:121,671,731–121,673,334 | 216.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 548 | |
| chr12:121,686,676–121,687,782 | 201.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 907 | |
| chr12:121,712,130–121,713,412 | 176.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 731 | |
| chr12:121,792,642–121,795,650 | 94.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1009 | |
| chr12:121,797,071–121,801,369 | 90.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1126 | |
| chr12:121,802,658–121,804,393 | 85.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 825 | |
| chr12:121,812,380–121,813,114 | 76.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 458 | |
| chr12:121,839,137–121,840,260 | 49.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 564 | |
| chr12:121,888,344–121,889,335 | 42 bp | At TSS Multiome | 1141 | |
| chr12:121,918,184–121,919,001 | 29.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 407 | |
| chr12:122,021,348–122,022,698 | 133.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 537 | |
| chr12:122,063,787–122,064,537 | 175.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 742 | |
| chr12:122,064,878–122,065,312 | 176.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 355 | |
| chr12:122,078,081–122,079,394 | 189.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 952 | |
| chr12:122,097,641–122,098,611 | 209.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 462 | |
| chr12:122,155,564–122,156,340 | 267.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 197 | |
| chr12:122,182,856–122,183,527 | 294.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 228 |
Genomic view of the PSMD9 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.