Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein. A pseudogene corresponding to this gene is found on chromosome 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2016]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for MRPS25. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = MRPS25 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of MRPS25, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr3:14,810,059–14,811,386 | 254.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 162 | |
| chr3:14,847,690–14,848,492 | 217.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 317 | |
| chr3:14,947,039–14,949,016 | 116.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 992 | |
| chr3:15,064,860–15,065,480 | 31 bp | At TSS Multiome | 832 | |
| chr3:15,098,771–15,099,764 | 33.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1059 | |
| chr3:15,118,530–15,119,129 | 53.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 281 | |
| chr3:15,305,253–15,306,068 | 240.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 367 | |
| chr3:15,331,772–15,333,155 | 267.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 642 | |
| chr3:15,356,271–15,357,033 | 291.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 98 |
Genomic view of the MRPS25 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.