Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. Pseudogenes corresponding to this gene are found on chromosomes 4p and 21q. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for MRPL51. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = MRPL51 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of MRPL51, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr12:6,199,391–6,201,130 | 293.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 481 | |
| chr12:6,214,773–6,215,509 | 278.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 158 | |
| chr12:6,278,466–6,279,375 | 214.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 655 | |
| chr12:6,310,091–6,311,512 | 182.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 645 | |
| chr12:6,322,926–6,323,961 | 169.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 536 | |
| chr12:6,329,238–6,330,028 | 163.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 135 | |
| chr12:6,335,766–6,337,493 | 156.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 962 | |
| chr12:6,341,619–6,342,234 | 151.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 657 | |
| chr12:6,363,292–6,364,138 | 129.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 718 | |
| chr12:6,370,899–6,371,535 | 122.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 572 | |
| chr12:6,375,204–6,377,302 | 117.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 601 | |
| chr12:6,383,790–6,384,442 | 109.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 812 | |
| chr12:6,451,305–6,451,838 | 41.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 535 | |
| chr12:6,469,922–6,471,399 | 22.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 930 | |
| chr12:6,492,998–6,494,331 | 15 bp | At TSS Multiome | 936 | |
| chr12:6,533,253–6,535,726 | 41.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 1131 | |
| chr12:6,539,914–6,540,883 | 47.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 427 | |
| chr12:6,554,111–6,554,621 | 61.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 407 | |
| chr12:6,555,532–6,556,318 | 62.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 551 | |
| chr12:6,567,822–6,568,719 | 75.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 837 | |
| chr12:6,605,947–6,607,790 | 114.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 774 | |
| chr12:6,613,155–6,614,551 | 120.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 810 | |
| chr12:6,620,128–6,620,868 | 127.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 239 | |
| chr12:6,662,802–6,663,663 | 169.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 868 | |
| chr12:6,688,517–6,690,027 | 196.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 943 | |
| chr12:6,699,959–6,700,887 | 207.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 263 | |
| chr12:6,723,658–6,724,773 | 230.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1065 | |
| chr12:6,752,554–6,754,332 | 260.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 975 | |
| chr12:6,763,677–6,764,983 | 271.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 570 | |
| chr12:6,765,172–6,767,791 | 273.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 824 | |
| chr12:6,768,329–6,769,331 | 275.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 249 | |
| chr12:6,778,736–6,779,459 | 285.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 777 |
Genomic view of the MRPL51 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.