This gene encodes an endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein that regulates cholesterol metabolism, lipogenesis, and glucose homeostasis. The encoded protein has six transmembrane helices which contain an effector protein binding site. It binds the sterol-sensing domains of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) cleavage-activating protein (SCAP) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase), and is essential for the sterol-mediated trafficking of these two proteins. It promotes the endoplasmic reticulum retention of SCAP and the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of HMG-CoA reductase. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2016]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for INSIG1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = INSIG1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of INSIG1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr7:155,002,253–155,004,210 | 294.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 890 | |
| chr7:155,069,955–155,070,729 | 227.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1085 | |
| chr7:155,106,895–155,108,511 | 190.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 185 | |
| chr7:155,295,555–155,295,879 | 2.0 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 52 | |
| chr7:155,296,147–155,296,447 | 1.4 kb | Proximal (<10kb) | 47 | |
| chr7:155,296,732–155,299,686 | 152 bp | At TSS Multiome | 860 | |
| chr7:155,344,600–155,345,572 | 47.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 521 | |
| chr7:155,380,186–155,380,859 | 82.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 306 | |
| chr7:155,456,809–155,459,720 | 159.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 434 | |
| chr7:155,466,156–155,467,479 | 169.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 270 | |
| chr7:155,467,594–155,468,737 | 170.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 231 | |
| chr7:155,509,435–155,510,584 | 212.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 392 | |
| chr7:155,533,097–155,534,150 | 236.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 391 |
Genomic view of the INSIG1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.