HK2
hexokinase 2 | HKII

Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes hexokinase 2, the predominant form found in skeletal muscle. It localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Expression of this gene is insulin-responsive, and studies in rat suggest that it is involved in the increased rate of glycolysis seen in rapidly growing cancer cells. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2009]

Developmental clusters: GC3
Biological processes 45 terms
ATP binding (GO:0005524)D-glucose binding (GO:0005536)apoptotic mitochondrial changes (GO:0008637)canonical glycolysis (GO:0061621)canonical glycolysis (GO:0061621)carbohydrate derivative metabolic process (GO:1901135)carbohydrate metabolic process (GO:0005975)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)fructokinase activity (GO:0008865)fructokinase activity (GO:0008865)fructokinase activity (GO:0008865)fructose 6-phosphate metabolic process (GO:0006002)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucokinase activity (GO:0004340)glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process (GO:0051156)glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process (GO:0051156)glucose metabolic process (GO:0006006)glucose metabolic process (GO:0006006)glycolytic process (GO:0006096)glycolytic process (GO:0006096)glycolytic process (GO:0006096)hexokinase activity (GO:0004396)hexokinase activity (GO:0004396)hexokinase activity (GO:0004396)hexose metabolic process (GO:0019318)intracellular glucose homeostasis (GO:0001678)intracellular glucose homeostasis (GO:0001678)maintenance of protein location in mitochondrion (GO:0072656)membrane (GO:0016020)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrial outer membrane (GO:0005741)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)mitochondrion (GO:0005739)organophosphate metabolic process (GO:0019637)positive regulation of angiogenesis (GO:0045766)positive regulation of type 2 mitophagy (GO:1905091)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein localization to mitochondrion (GO:0070585)
Expression (TPM)
HK2 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating HK2 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for HK2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = HK2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to HK2

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of HK2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr2:74,548,706–74,549,795 284.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 625
chr2:74,553,035–74,555,636 279.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 768
chr2:74,647,804–74,648,489 185.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 232
chr2:74,653,808–74,654,908 179.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 658
chr2:74,715,073–74,715,890 118.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 768
chr2:74,777,656–74,779,073 55.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 426
chr2:74,816,374–74,817,201 17.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 373
chr2:74,822,732–74,823,334 11.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 40
chr2:74,833,573–74,835,838 1.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 968
chr2:74,836,514–74,836,751 2.4 kb Proximal (<10kb) 239
chr2:74,837,028–74,837,326 2.9 kb Proximal (<10kb) 96
chr2:74,919,661–74,920,281 85.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 376
chr2:74,958,221–74,959,258 124.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1096
chr2:75,055,603–75,056,664 222.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 263

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the HK2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr2:74,538,706 – 75,066,664
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq