HES1 Transcription Factor
hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 | FLJ20408, HES-1, bHLHb39, HRY

This protein belongs to the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors. It is a transcriptional repressor of genes that require a bHLH protein for their transcription. The protein has a particular type of basic domain that contains a helix interrupting protein that binds to the N-box rather than the canonical E-box. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Biological processes 123 terms
DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity (GO:0001217)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0001227)E-box binding (GO:0070888)E-box binding (GO:0070888)E-box binding (GO:0070888)HLH domain binding (GO:0043398)JUN kinase binding (GO:0008432)N-box binding (GO:0071820)N-box binding (GO:0071820)N-box binding (GO:0071820)Notch signaling pathway (GO:0007219)Notch signaling pathway (GO:0007219)Notch signaling pathway (GO:0007219)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)S-shaped body morphogenesis (GO:0072050)anterior/posterior pattern specification (GO:0009952)aorta morphogenesis (GO:0035909)artery morphogenesis (GO:0048844)artery morphogenesis (GO:0048844)ascending aorta morphogenesis (GO:0035910)ascending aorta morphogenesis (GO:0035910)cellular response to fatty acid (GO:0071398)cellular response to interleukin-1 (GO:0071347)cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus (GO:1990090)cellular response to tumor necrosis factor (GO:0071356)chromatin (GO:0000785)chromatin binding (GO:0003682)comma-shaped body morphogenesis (GO:0072049)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)embryonic heart tube morphogenesis (GO:0003143)embryonic heart tube morphogenesis (GO:0003143)forebrain radial glial cell differentiation (GO:0021861)forebrain radial glial cell differentiation (GO:0021861)glomerulus vasculature development (GO:0072012)hair cell differentiation (GO:0035315)histone deacetylase binding (GO:0042826)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)labyrinthine layer blood vessel development (GO:0060716)metanephric nephron tubule morphogenesis (GO:0072282)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of calcium ion import (GO:0090281)negative regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation (GO:2000978)negative regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation (GO:2000978)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)negative regulation of glial cell proliferation (GO:0060253)negative regulation of glial cell proliferation (GO:0060253)negative regulation of inner ear receptor cell differentiation (GO:2000981)negative regulation of neurogenesis (GO:0050768)negative regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045665)negative regulation of neuron projection development (GO:0010977)negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation (GO:0048715)negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation (GO:0048715)negative regulation of pro-B cell differentiation (GO:2000974)negative regulation of stem cell differentiation (GO:2000737)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)nervous system development (GO:0007399)neuron differentiation (GO:0030182)neuronal stem cell population maintenance (GO:0097150)neuronal stem cell population maintenance (GO:0097150)nuclear matrix (GO:0016363)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)outflow tract morphogenesis (GO:0003151)pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis (GO:0061626)pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis (GO:0061626)positive regulation of DNA binding (GO:0043388)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway (GO:0045747)positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation (GO:0048711)positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation (GO:0048711)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of glial cell differentiation (GO:0045687)positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic (GO:0045977)positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic (GO:0045977)positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT (GO:0046427)positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT (GO:0046427)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein (GO:0042531)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein dimerization activity (GO:0046983)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)protein homodimerization activity (GO:0042803)protein-containing complex (GO:0032991)protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0065003)protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0065003)protein-containing complex binding (GO:0044877)protein-folding chaperone binding (GO:0051087)regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)regulation of neurogenesis (GO:0050767)regulation of protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0043254)regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT (GO:0046425)regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT (GO:0046425)renal interstitial fibroblast development (GO:0072141)response to Aroclor 1254 (GO:1904010)response to alkaloid (GO:0043279)response to thyroid hormone (GO:0097066)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0043565)sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837)thymus development (GO:0048538)thymus development (GO:0048538)transcription corepressor binding (GO:0001222)ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0060675)vascular associated smooth muscle cell development (GO:0097084)vascular associated smooth muscle cell development (GO:0097084)ventricular septum development (GO:0003281)ventricular septum development (GO:0003281)ventricular septum morphogenesis (GO:0060412)ventricular septum morphogenesis (GO:0060412)
Expression (TPM)
HES1 — as a Regulator

Modules regulated by HES1

Modules significantly affected by knockdown. ↑ Up = module upregulated upon KD; ↓ Down = module downregulated upon KD.

Evidence: Direction:
Perturbation + Binding
Perturbation only
Binding only
Cluster Dir NES padj Bind OR padj (bind)
Evidence: Direction:
Perturbation + Binding
Perturbation only
Binding only
Module Dir NES #gRNA padj Bind OR padj (bind)
Evidence: Direction: Max shown:
Perturbation + Binding
Perturbation only
Binding only
Submodule Module Dir NES #gRNA Bind OR padj (bind)

Genes regulated by HES1

Genes likely regulated by HES1 through linked binding evidence in open chromatin. The chart ranks TF-linked genes by their mean Perturb-seq response to HES1 knockdown, with negative coefficients indicating downregulation and positive coefficients indicating upregulation upon knockdown.

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Regulatory Elements bound by the TF

Open chromatin elements (ATAC-seq) where HES1 has ChIP-seq or motif footprint binding evidence and which are linked to at least one target gene region.

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HES1 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating HES1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for HES1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = HES1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to HES1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of HES1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr3:193,775,262–193,776,121 360.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 253
chr3:193,788,186–193,788,719 347.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 340
chr3:193,812,265–193,813,797 322.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 367
chr3:193,816,705–193,817,416 319.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 333
chr3:193,851,297–193,851,877 284.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 162
chr3:193,879,180–193,880,115 256.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 202
chr3:193,996,076–193,997,070 139.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 123
chr3:194,003,084–194,004,023 132.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 789
chr3:194,058,056–194,058,702 77.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 413
chr3:194,070,495–194,071,681 65.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1059
chr3:194,129,745–194,129,894 6.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) 193
chr3:194,133,552–194,138,296 1.3 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 1232
chr3:194,138,965–194,139,997 3.4 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 555
chr3:194,140,539–194,142,244 5.5 kb Proximal (<10kb) Multiome 1013
chr3:194,296,491–194,297,721 161.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 497
chr3:194,300,203–194,300,746 164.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 313
chr3:194,315,199–194,316,329 179.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR 806
chr3:194,350,134–194,350,796 214.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 395
chr3:194,383,090–194,383,793 247.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 74

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the HES1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr3:193,765,262 – 194,393,793
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq