Glutathione is important for a variety of biological functions, including protection of cells from oxidative damage by free radicals, detoxification of xenobiotics, and membrane transport. The protein encoded by this gene functions as a homodimer to catalyze the second step of glutathione biosynthesis, which is the ATP-dependent conversion of gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine to glutathione. Defects in this gene are a cause of glutathione synthetase deficiency. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for GSS. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = GSS upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of GSS, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr20:34,676,509–34,677,593 | 278.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 954 | |
| chr20:34,703,810–34,705,103 | 251.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 903 | |
| chr20:34,708,877–34,710,404 | 246.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 576 | |
| chr20:34,824,452–34,825,860 | 130.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 852 | |
| chr20:34,872,384–34,873,259 | 82.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 817 | |
| chr20:34,874,110–34,874,535 | 81.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 357 | |
| chr20:34,875,878–34,877,081 | 79.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 852 | |
| chr20:34,955,039–34,956,224 | 34 bp | At TSS Multiome | 1031 | |
| chr20:34,960,537–34,961,054 | 5.1 kb | Proximal (<10kb) Multiome | 275 | |
| chr20:34,979,568–34,980,289 | 24.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 149 | |
| chr20:35,092,320–35,093,398 | 137.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1139 | |
| chr20:35,146,563–35,147,734 | 191.5 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 992 | |
| chr20:35,171,731–35,172,358 | 216.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 383 | |
| chr20:35,174,680–35,175,277 | 219.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 635 |
Genomic view of the GSS locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.