This gene encodes a member of the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family. This enzyme is a homodimeric flavoprotein. It is a central enzyme of cellular antioxidant defense, and reduces oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to the sulfhydryl form GSH, which is an important cellular antioxidant. Rare mutations in this gene result in hereditary glutathione reductase deficiency. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2010]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for GSR. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = GSR upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of GSR, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr8:30,442,133–30,442,945 | 285.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 264 | |
| chr8:30,541,211–30,542,932 | 186.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 253 | |
| chr8:30,555,639–30,556,644 | 171.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 396 | |
| chr8:30,657,598–30,658,716 | 69.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 834 | |
| chr8:30,727,108–30,728,427 | 30 bp | At TSS Multiome | 986 | |
| chr8:30,743,665–30,744,537 | 16.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 789 | |
| chr8:30,811,955–30,813,256 | 84.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 824 | |
| chr8:30,817,124–30,817,779 | 89.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 166 | |
| chr8:30,911,618–30,912,683 | 184.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 460 |
Genomic view of the GSR locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.