GSK3B
glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta

The protein encoded by this gene is a serine-threonine kinase belonging to the glycogen synthase kinase subfamily. It is a negative regulator of glucose homeostasis and is involved in energy metabolism, inflammation, ER-stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptotic pathways. Defects in this gene have been associated with Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

Member of: DE-3
Biological processes 201 terms
ATP binding (GO:0005524)ER overload response (GO:0006983)NF-kappaB binding (GO:0051059)RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding (GO:0061629)Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0016055)Wnt signalosome (GO:1990909)Wnt signalosome (GO:1990909)axon (GO:0030424)axon (GO:0030424)beta-arrestin-dependent dopamine receptor signaling pathway (GO:0160213)beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013)beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013)beta-catenin binding (GO:0008013)beta-catenin destruction complex (GO:0030877)beta-catenin destruction complex (GO:0030877)beta-catenin destruction complex (GO:0030877)beta-catenin destruction complex (GO:0030877)canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0060070)canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0060070)cell body (GO:0044297)cell differentiation (GO:0030154)cellular response to amyloid-beta (GO:1904646)cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus (GO:0071385)cellular response to interleukin-3 (GO:0036016)cellular response to interleukin-3 (GO:0036016)cellular response to retinoic acid (GO:0071300)centrosome (GO:0005813)circadian rhythm (GO:0007623)circadian rhythm (GO:0007623)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytoplasm (GO:0005737)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)cytosol (GO:0005829)dendrite (GO:0030425)dendritic shaft (GO:0043198)dynactin binding (GO:0034452)dynein complex binding (GO:0070840)endoplasmic reticulum lumen (GO:0005788)epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0001837)establishment of cell polarity (GO:0030010)establishment of cell polarity (GO:0030010)excitatory postsynaptic potential (GO:0060079)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097191)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:0097191)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand (GO:0097192)extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand (GO:0097192)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)glycogen metabolic process (GO:0005977)growth cone (GO:0030426)heart valve development (GO:0003170)hippocampus development (GO:0021766)insulin receptor signaling pathway (GO:0008286)insulin receptor signaling pathway (GO:0008286)intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556)intracellular signal transduction (GO:0035556)intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (GO:0070059)kinase activity (GO:0016301)lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway (GO:0031663)maintenance of cell polarity (GO:0030011)maintenance of cell polarity (GO:0030011)meiosis I (GO:0007127)meiotic spindle (GO:0072687)mitochondrion organization (GO:0007005)negative regulation of TOR signaling (GO:0032007)negative regulation of TOR signaling (GO:0032007)negative regulation of TORC2 signaling (GO:1903940)negative regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043066)negative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade (GO:0070885)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of cell migration (GO:0030336)negative regulation of dopaminergic neuron differentiation (GO:1904339)negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0010719)negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors (GO:1902042)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)negative regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity (GO:2000466)negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process (GO:0045719)negative regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process (GO:0045719)negative regulation of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation (GO:2000740)negative regulation of osteoblast differentiation (GO:0045668)negative regulation of protein localization to centrosome (GO:1904780)negative regulation of protein localization to nucleus (GO:1900181)negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0031333)negative regulation of signal transduction (GO:0009968)negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway (GO:0045879)negative regulation of smoothened signaling pathway (GO:0045879)negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development (GO:2000077)negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell development (GO:2000077)neuron projection development (GO:0031175)neuron projection organization (GO:0106027)neuronal cell body (GO:0043025)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)p53 binding (GO:0002039)peptidyl-serine phosphorylation (GO:0018105)perinuclear region of cytoplasm (GO:0048471)phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction (GO:0043491)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of autophagy (GO:0010508)positive regulation of autophagy (GO:0010508)positive regulation of autophagy (GO:0010508)positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation (GO:2000727)positive regulation of cell differentiation (GO:0045597)positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion (GO:0001954)positive regulation of cilium assembly (GO:0045724)positive regulation of cilium assembly (GO:0045724)positive regulation of establishment of protein localization (GO:1904951)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:1901030)positive regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization involved in apoptotic signaling pathway (GO:1901030)positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process (GO:0043525)positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0032436)positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0032436)positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0032436)positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0032436)positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0032436)positive regulation of protein binding (GO:0032092)positive regulation of protein catabolic process (GO:0045732)positive regulation of protein export from nucleus (GO:0046827)positive regulation of protein localization to centrosome (GO:1904781)positive regulation of protein localization to cilium (GO:1903566)positive regulation of protein localization to cilium (GO:1903566)positive regulation of protein processing (GO:0010954)positive regulation of protein ubiquitination (GO:0031398)positive regulation of protein ubiquitination (GO:0031398)positive regulation of protein-containing complex assembly (GO:0031334)positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading (GO:1900026)positive regulation of type I interferon production (GO:0032481)positive regulation of type I interferon production (GO:0032481)postsynaptic density (GO:0014069)presynapse (GO:0098793)presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0099171)presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0099171)presynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0099171)protease binding (GO:0002020)proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process (GO:0043161)protein autophosphorylation (GO:0046777)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding (GO:0034236)protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding (GO:0034236)protein kinase activity (GO:0004672)protein kinase activity (GO:0004672)protein kinase activity (GO:0004672)protein kinase binding (GO:0019901)protein kinase binding (GO:0019901)protein phosphorylation (GO:0006468)protein phosphorylation (GO:0006468)protein serine kinase activity (GO:0106310)protein serine kinase activity (GO:0106310)protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674)protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674)protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674)protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674)protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674)protein serine/threonine kinase activity (GO:0004674)regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0042981)regulation of axon extension (GO:0030516)regulation of axonogenesis (GO:0050770)regulation of cellular response to heat (GO:1900034)regulation of circadian rhythm (GO:0042752)regulation of circadian rhythm (GO:0042752)regulation of dendrite morphogenesis (GO:0048814)regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation (GO:1900271)regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation (GO:1900271)regulation of microtubule anchoring at centrosome (GO:0150101)regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization (GO:0070507)regulation of microtubule cytoskeleton organization (GO:0070507)regulation of microtubule-based process (GO:0032886)regulation of microtubule-based process (GO:0032886)regulation of neuron projection development (GO:0010975)regulation of protein export from nucleus (GO:0046825)regulation of protein localization (GO:0032880)response to endoplasmic reticulum stress (GO:0034976)ribonucleoprotein complex (GO:1990904)scaffold protein binding (GO:0097110)superior temporal gyrus development (GO:0071109)tau protein binding (GO:0048156)tau-protein kinase activity (GO:0050321)tau-protein kinase activity (GO:0050321)tau-protein kinase activity (GO:0050321)tau-protein kinase activity (GO:0050321)ubiquitin protein ligase binding (GO:0031625)viral protein processing (GO:0019082)viral protein processing (GO:0019082)
Expression (TPM)
GSK3B — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating GSK3B 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for GSK3B. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = GSK3B upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to GSK3B

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of GSK3B, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr3:120,003,939–120,004,667 90.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 170
chr3:120,093,362–120,093,496 169 bp At TSS 98
chr3:120,093,804–120,096,088 389 bp At TSS Multiome 1114
chr3:120,284,858–120,285,627 190.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 237
chr3:120,348,500–120,350,077 254.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 1003

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the GSK3B locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr3:119,993,939 – 120,360,077
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq