Stable cohesion between sister chromatids before anaphase and their timely separation during anaphase are critical for chromosome inheritance. In vertebrates, sister chromatid cohesion is released in 2 steps via distinct mechanisms. The first step involves phosphorylation of STAG1 (MIM 604358) or STAG2 (MIM 300826) in the cohesin complex. The second step involves cleavage of the cohesin subunit SCC1 (RAD21; MIM 606462) by ESPL1, or separase, which initiates the final separation of sister chromatids (Sun et al., 2009 [PubMed 19345191]).[supplied by OMIM, Nov 2010]
Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for ESPL1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = ESPL1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.
| TF | Mean coef | Binding | Outlier | TF→Gene link |
|---|
Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of ESPL1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.
| Accessibility | Element | Dist. to TSS | Link type | TFs |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| chr12:53,005,438–53,007,356 | 262.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 995 | |
| chr12:53,046,385–53,049,295 | 220.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 793 | |
| chr12:53,049,465–53,050,530 | 218.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 565 | |
| chr12:53,053,508–53,054,860 | 213.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 646 | |
| chr12:53,078,790–53,079,991 | 188.9 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 835 | |
| chr12:53,097,544–53,098,160 | 170.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 515 | |
| chr12:53,174,900–53,175,484 | 93.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 474 | |
| chr12:53,179,987–53,181,456 | 87.6 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 930 | |
| chr12:53,219,787–53,222,151 | 47.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome HiCAR | 828 | |
| chr12:53,231,703–53,233,098 | 36.0 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 464 | |
| chr12:53,251,461–53,252,566 | 16.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 825 | |
| chr12:53,268,046–53,268,600 | 36 bp | At TSS Multiome | 709 | |
| chr12:53,295,142–53,295,823 | 27.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 706 | |
| chr12:53,299,515–53,300,187 | 31.4 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 849 | |
| chr12:53,321,051–53,322,029 | 53.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 935 | |
| chr12:53,324,682–53,326,037 | 56.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 840 | |
| chr12:53,344,427–53,345,660 | 76.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 645 | |
| chr12:53,370,910–53,371,893 | 103.1 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 861 | |
| chr12:53,378,839–53,381,297 | 112.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 895 | |
| chr12:53,381,689–53,382,262 | 113.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 264 | |
| chr12:53,421,253–53,422,044 | 153.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 431 | |
| chr12:53,440,979–53,441,838 | 173.3 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 779 | |
| chr12:53,451,563–53,453,067 | 183.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 999 | |
| chr12:53,492,147–53,494,149 | 224.8 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 702 | |
| chr12:53,498,714–53,500,111 | 231.2 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 454 | |
| chr12:53,500,242–53,501,839 | 232.7 kb | Distal (>10kb) Multiome | 1010 |
Genomic view of the ESPL1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.