DRD4
dopamine receptor D4

This gene encodes the D4 subtype of the dopamine receptor. The D4 subtype is a G-protein coupled receptor which inhibits adenylyl cyclase. It is a target for drugs which treat schizophrenia and Parkinson disease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with various behavioral phenotypes, including autonomic nervous system dysfunction, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and the personality trait of novelty seeking. This gene contains a polymorphic number (2-10 copies) of tandem 48 nt repeats; the sequence shown contains four repeats. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Biological processes 55 terms
G protein-coupled receptor activity (GO:0004930)G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007186)G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger (GO:0007187)G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity (GO:0004993)G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway (GO:0098664)SH3 domain binding (GO:0017124)adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007195)adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007195)adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007195)adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway (GO:0007188)adult behavior (GO:0030534)adult locomotory behavior (GO:0008344)arachidonate secretion (GO:0050482)behavioral fear response (GO:0001662)behavioral response to cocaine (GO:0048148)behavioral response to ethanol (GO:0048149)chemical synaptic transmission (GO:0007268)dendrite (GO:0030425)dopamine binding (GO:0035240)dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity (GO:0004952)dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity (GO:0004952)dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go (GO:0001591)dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go (GO:0001591)dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go (GO:0001591)dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go (GO:0001591)epinephrine binding (GO:0051379)fear response (GO:0042596)glutamatergic synapse (GO:0098978)identical protein binding (GO:0042802)inhibitory postsynaptic potential (GO:0060080)intracellular calcium ion homeostasis (GO:0006874)membrane (GO:0016020)membrane (GO:0016020)negative regulation of protein secretion (GO:0050709)neurotransmitter receptor activity (GO:0030594)norepinephrine binding (GO:0051380)phospholipase C-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway (GO:0060158)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of MAPK cascade (GO:0043410)positive regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission (GO:0051586)postsynapse (GO:0098794)potassium channel regulator activity (GO:0015459)protein binding (GO:0005515)regulation of circadian rhythm (GO:0042752)regulation of circadian rhythm (GO:0042752)regulation of dopamine metabolic process (GO:0042053)regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization (GO:0099149)regulation of transport (GO:0051049)response to amphetamine (GO:0001975)response to histamine (GO:0034776)social behavior (GO:0035176)synaptic transmission, dopaminergic (GO:0001963)
Expression (TPM)
DRD4 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating DRD4 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for DRD4. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = DRD4 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to DRD4

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of DRD4, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr11:355,654–356,479 281.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 894
chr11:370,037–370,556 267.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 205
chr11:406,008–408,661 230.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 587
chr11:416,764–417,613 219.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 431
chr11:447,919–448,752 189.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 808
chr11:449,838–451,194 187.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 836
chr11:506,153–507,989 130.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 977
chr11:534,525–536,399 101.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 673
chr11:536,654–537,918 99.8 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 558
chr11:554,380–556,321 82.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 460
chr11:559,830–562,079 76.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 791
chr11:567,850–569,533 68.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 672
chr11:574,830–576,748 61.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 793
chr11:613,334–614,059 23.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 215
chr11:615,262–616,320 21.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 443
chr11:636,786–637,700 167 bp At TSS Multiome 161
chr11:638,624–638,803 1.4 kb Proximal (<10kb) 69
chr11:693,835–696,330 58.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 873
chr11:705,737–706,270 68.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 361
chr11:720,619–721,074 83.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 156
chr11:727,901–728,499 90.9 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 686
chr11:746,704–748,069 110.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 755
chr11:762,582–763,602 126.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 326
chr11:776,216–778,328 140.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 770
chr11:783,385–783,909 146.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 278
chr11:797,112–798,675 161.0 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 697
chr11:804,241–805,812 168.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 725
chr11:808,894–810,402 172.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 976
chr11:818,369–820,592 182.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 749
chr11:826,980–828,116 190.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 662
chr11:828,933–831,262 193.1 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 491
chr11:832,323–833,565 195.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 562
chr11:842,034–843,556 205.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 794
chr11:843,773–845,220 207.2 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 664
chr11:849,082–850,270 212.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 229
chr11:910,337–911,591 273.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 754
chr11:925,038–926,264 288.6 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 689

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the DRD4 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr11:345,654 – 936,264
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq
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