DLX1
distal-less homeobox 1

This gene encodes a member of a homeobox transcription factor gene family similiar to the Drosophila distal-less gene. The encoded protein is localized to the nucleus where it may function as a transcriptional regulator of signals from multiple TGF-{beta} superfamily members. The encoded protein may play a role in the control of craniofacial patterning and the differentiation and survival of inhibitory neurons in the forebrain. This gene is located in a tail-to-tail configuration with another member of the family on the long arm of chromosome 2. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Biological processes 33 terms
DNA binding (GO:0003677)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific (GO:0000981)RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000978)RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding (GO:0000977)cell differentiation (GO:0030154)cellular response to BMP stimulus (GO:0071773)cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus (GO:0071560)chromatin (GO:0000785)chromatin binding (GO:0003682)embryonic skeletal system development (GO:0048706)negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030514)negative regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus (GO:1903845)negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation (GO:0046533)negative regulation of photoreceptor cell differentiation (GO:0046533)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)nucleoplasm (GO:0005654)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)nucleus (GO:0005634)positive regulation of amacrine cell differentiation (GO:1902871)positive regulation of amacrine cell differentiation (GO:1902871)positive regulation of cell differentiation (GO:0045597)positive regulation of cell differentiation (GO:0045597)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)protein binding (GO:0005515)regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357)regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0006357)sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding (GO:1990837)
Expression (TPM)
DLX1 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating DLX1 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for DLX1. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = DLX1 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to DLX1

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of DLX1, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr2:172,080,964–172,081,603 3.9 kb Proximal (<10kb) 101
chr2:172,082,784–172,083,381 2.1 kb Proximal (<10kb) 191
chr2:172,084,336–172,086,019 at TSS At TSS 903
chr2:172,086,500–172,087,497 994 bp At TSS 254
chr2:172,094,487–172,096,060 9.0 kb Proximal (<10kb) 520

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the DLX1 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr2:172,070,964 – 172,106,060
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq