BMP2
bone morphogenetic protein 2 | BMP2A

This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer, which plays a role in bone and cartilage development. Duplication of a regulatory region downstream of this gene causes a form of brachydactyly characterized by a malformed index finger and second toe in human patients. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

Developmental clusters: GC6
Biological processes 172 terms
BMP receptor binding (GO:0070700)BMP receptor binding (GO:0070700)BMP receptor binding (GO:0070700)BMP receptor complex (GO:0070724)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)BMP signaling pathway (GO:0030509)Notch signaling pathway (GO:0007219)animal organ morphogenesis (GO:0009887)aortic valve development (GO:0003176)atrioventricular canal morphogenesis (GO:1905222)atrioventricular canal morphogenesis (GO:1905222)atrioventricular valve morphogenesis (GO:0003181)bone development (GO:0060348)bone mineralization (GO:0030282)branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis (GO:0001658)cardiac atrium formation (GO:0003210)cardiac atrium formation (GO:0003210)cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0060317)cardiac jelly development (GO:1905072)cardiac jelly development (GO:1905072)cardiac muscle cell differentiation (GO:0055007)cardiac muscle cell differentiation (GO:0055007)cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis (GO:0055008)cardiocyte differentiation (GO:0035051)cardiocyte differentiation (GO:0035051)cell fate commitment (GO:0045165)cell surface (GO:0009986)cell-cell signaling (GO:0007267)cellular response to BMP stimulus (GO:0071773)chondrocyte differentiation (GO:0002062)co-receptor binding (GO:0039706)co-receptor binding (GO:0039706)corticotropin hormone secreting cell differentiation (GO:0060128)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)cytokine activity (GO:0005125)embryonic heart tube anterior/posterior pattern specification (GO:0035054)endocardial cushion formation (GO:0003272)endocardial cushion formation (GO:0003272)endocardial cushion morphogenesis (GO:0003203)endodermal-mesodermal cell signaling (GO:0003133)epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0001837)epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0001837)epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0001837)epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0001837)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)extracellular region (GO:0005576)gene expression (GO:0010467)growth factor activity (GO:0008083)growth factor activity (GO:0008083)heart development (GO:0007507)heart development (GO:0007507)heart induction (GO:0003129)heart induction (GO:0003129)heart morphogenesis (GO:0003007)heart morphogenesis (GO:0003007)in utero embryonic development (GO:0001701)inflammatory response (GO:0006954)inflammatory response (GO:0006954)inner ear development (GO:0048839)intracellular iron ion homeostasis (GO:0006879)lung vasculature development (GO:0060426)lung vasculature development (GO:0060426)mesenchymal cell differentiation (GO:0048762)mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureteric bud development (GO:0072138)mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureteric bud development (GO:0072138)mesenchyme development (GO:0060485)muscle tissue development (GO:0060537)myeloid leukocyte differentiation (GO:0002573)negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045892)negative regulation of aldosterone biosynthetic process (GO:0032348)negative regulation of calcium-independent cell-cell adhesion (GO:0051042)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0090090)negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation (GO:2000726)negative regulation of cell cycle (GO:0045786)negative regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008285)negative regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008285)negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion (GO:0022408)negative regulation of cortisol biosynthetic process (GO:2000065)negative regulation of fat cell differentiation (GO:0045599)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)negative regulation of gene expression (GO:0010629)negative regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway (GO:0043569)negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation (GO:0048662)negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation (GO:0048662)negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation (GO:0048662)negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process (GO:0010894)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0000122)negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway (GO:0030512)odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth (GO:0042475)osteoblast differentiation (GO:0001649)osteoblast differentiation (GO:0001649)osteoblast differentiation (GO:0001649)osteoblast differentiation (GO:0001649)osteoclast differentiation (GO:0030316)pericardium development (GO:0060039)phosphatase activator activity (GO:0019211)plasma membrane (GO:0005886)positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0045893)positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070374)positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade (GO:0070374)positive regulation of MAPK cascade (GO:0043410)positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction (GO:0060391)positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction (GO:0060391)positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction (GO:0060391)positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction (GO:0060391)positive regulation of Wnt signaling pathway (GO:0030177)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of apoptotic process (GO:0043065)positive regulation of astrocyte differentiation (GO:0048711)positive regulation of bone mineralization (GO:0030501)positive regulation of bone mineralization (GO:0030501)positive regulation of bone mineralization involved in bone maturation (GO:1900159)positive regulation of cartilage development (GO:0061036)positive regulation of cartilage development (GO:0061036)positive regulation of cell differentiation (GO:0045597)positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335)positive regulation of cell migration (GO:0030335)positive regulation of cell population proliferation (GO:0008284)positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (GO:0010718)positive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion (GO:0003331)positive regulation of extracellular matrix constituent secretion (GO:0003331)positive regulation of fat cell differentiation (GO:0045600)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of gene expression (GO:0010628)positive regulation of miRNA transcription (GO:1902895)positive regulation of neuron differentiation (GO:0045666)positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation (GO:1901331)positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation (GO:1901331)positive regulation of odontogenesis (GO:0042482)positive regulation of ossification (GO:0045778)positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation (GO:0033690)positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation (GO:0033690)positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade (GO:1900745)positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade (GO:1900745)positive regulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway (GO:0035360)positive regulation of phosphatase activity (GO:0010922)positive regulation of protein phosphorylation (GO:0001934)positive regulation of protein phosphorylation (GO:0001934)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II (GO:0045944)protein binding (GO:0005515)protein-containing complex (GO:0032991)receptor ligand activity (GO:0048018)regulation of DNA-templated transcription (GO:0006355)regulation of cardiac muscle cell differentiation (GO:2000725)response to hypoxia (GO:0001666)signaling receptor binding (GO:0005102)skeletal system development (GO:0001501)telencephalon development (GO:0021537)telencephalon development (GO:0021537)telencephalon regionalization (GO:0021978)thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting cell differentiation (GO:0060129)
Expression (TPM)
BMP2 — as a Regulated Gene

TFs regulating BMP2 0 TFs

Transcription factors with Perturb-seq knockdown data for BMP2. The Binding column indicates whether any binding evidence exists for this TF–gene pair (ChIP-seq or motif footprint peaks). The Mean coef is the average Perturb-seq regression coefficient across active gRNAs (positive = BMP2 upregulated upon KD; negative = downregulated). The Outlier column indicates whether this gene is in the top or bottom 5% of all TF knockdown effects.

Data: Effect:
TF Mean coef Binding Outlier TF→Gene link

Elements linked to BMP2

Open chromatin peaks (ATAC-seq) in the genomic neighbourhood of BMP2, linked by TSS proximity or chromatin conformation (Multiome / HiCAR). Each element overlaps at least one TF ChIP-seq binding site — the TFs column shows how many distinct TFs bind that element.

Accessibility Element Dist. to TSS Link type TFs
chr20:6,707,401–6,711,064 59.5 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 409
chr20:6,765,573–6,765,925 1.8 kb Proximal (<10kb) 81
chr20:6,767,202–6,771,161 32 bp At TSS Multiome 584
chr20:6,810,970–6,812,079 43.7 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 169
chr20:6,848,116–6,849,745 81.4 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 200
chr20:6,943,637–6,944,364 176.3 kb Distal (>10kb) Multiome 153

Genome Browser

Genomic view of the BMP2 locus showing ATAC-seq accessibility and RNA-seq expression across the ESC → DE time course, together with TF binding peaks and element-to-TSS loop connections.

chr20:6,697,401 – 6,954,364
Proximal 1 kb Distal 10 kb Multiome HiCAR ATAC-seq RNA-seq